Polyurethanes. A study in chemical principles

Abstract

Examines the many fundamental chemical principles involved in the production of polyurethanes, including hydrogen bonding, polymers and their properties, kinetics, steric and inductive effects, catalysis, consecutive and simultaneous reactions, and equilibrium.

Polyurea microcapsules with a photocleavable shell: UV-triggered release

“…The reaction rates between isocyanate and amino groups are known to be much higher than those between isocyanate and hydroxyl groups. 36 Due to this high reactivity of both primary and secondary amine groups in DETA compared to the hydroxyl groups in water or in the structure of the surfactant, we assumed that side reactions with hydroxyl groups were not significant in the process of the shell formation. Moreover, once the DETA was replaced with a triol, namely 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)ethane, a stable microcapsule formation was not observed under the same reaction conditions.…”

Formulation, Preparation, and Characterization of Polyurethane Foams

“…Industrially, polyurethanes are produced by the reaction between a polyisocyanate and a polyol (also called polyalcohol). A complete discussion of the chemistry and properties of polyurethanes is outside the scope of this article, but can be found in other publications − . Nevertheless, a small introduction to the main chemical reactions will be given with a discussion on their implications for calculating the required reactant amounts.…”

Using kinetics experiments from The Journal of Chemical Education as the basis for high school science projects

“…They realize that they are reproducing previous work, but with the intention of modifying and extending it in some way beyond what was presented in this Journal and in some of the original literature. For example, a similar kinetic study can be carried out employing a different analytical technique and the methods and results compared (14,15). Ex topic.…”