Polyurethane foams produced from pyrolysis oil – Production and possible application

Schulzke, Tim; Iakovleva, Anastasiia; Cao, Qiongmin; Conrad, Stefan; Забелкин, С. А.; Грачев, А Н

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2018.04.006

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Other works describe the utilization of bio-oil to produce polyols from which polyurethane foams are later achieved with increased tensile strength and thermal stability and higher biodegradability [141][142][143]. Bio-oil in bitumen applications is also reported to possibly increase bitumen performance and reduced binder consumption [3,116,[144][145][146][147][148][149].…”

Section: Applications Of Bio-oil As Chemical Source and Its Refinement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Oil: The Next-Generation Source of Chemicals

et al. 2022

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Bio-oil, although rich in chemical species, is primarily used as fuel oil, due to its greater calorific power when compared to the biomass from which it is made. The incomplete understanding of how to explore its chemical potential as a source of value-added chemicals and, therefore, a supply of intermediary chemical species is due to the diverse composition of bio-oil. Being biomass-based, making it subject to composition changes, bio-oil is obtained via different processes, the two most common being fast pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction. Different methods result in different bio-oil compositions even from the same original biomass. Understanding which biomass source and process results in a particular chemical makeup is of interest to those concerned with the refinement or direct application in chemical reactions of bio-oil. This paper presents a summary of published bio-oil production methods, origin biomass, and the resulting composition.

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Section: Applications Of Bio-oil As Chemical Source and Its Refinement Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Oil: The Next-Generation Source of Chemicals

et al. 2022

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“…Liquid products and residues from biomass transformation by liquefaction have a wide range of applications. The former can replace some petrochemical products (Jindal and Jha 2016) and can also be used as chemical raw materials to prepare other products (Bridgeman et al 2007), such as ethanol (Poligenis et al 2008) and biofuel, and as raw materials to produce polyurethane foaming materials (Schulzke et al 2018), carbon fibers (Yoshida et al 2005), phenolic resins (Yan et al 2017), and adhesives (Li et al 2017). Thus, biomass with lower energy density and grade is transformed into liquid product with higher energy density and grade.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of liquefied products from corn stalk in the presence of polyhydric alcohols with acid catalysis

Zhang

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2022

BioRes

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Atmospheric liquefaction technology has been used widely and is an effective way of biomass component utilization. In this paper, the liquefied products obtained from corn stalk using polyhydric alcohols 1,2-propanediol (PG) mixed diethylene glycol (DEG) through acid catalysis under atmosphere pressure were characterized by various analytical technologies. The results indicated that 39 kinds of organic compounds were present in bio-oil, among which alcohols were the most, phenols were the second, and their relative contents were 70.7% and 25.6%, respectively. There were also some organic acids, ethers, esters, and ketones. More than 80% of these compounds had a carbon number less than 25. Carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (13C-NMR) showed that different chemical shifts  (ppm) corresponded to various carbon types. The chemical composition of the residue from liquefaction was complex and contained a certain amount of large molecular substances that were difficult to degrade. It required more severe pyrolysis conditions than those of corn stalk. Results from X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) indicated the destruction of crystalline structure of carbohydrates and the cellulose molecules were cracked, indicating that the cellulose was degraded and the degree of liquefaction was high.

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“…There are three kinds of strategies: (i) physical recycling (corresponding to the mechanical transformation of PU foams into flakes, granules, or powder to be used in new materials production); (ii) energy recovery (conversion of PU waste materials into useable heat, electricity, or fuel), and (iii) chemical recycling (consisting of the transformation of polymer chains into valuable chemicals) . Several processes have been developed to chemically recycle PU foams, such as hydrolysis ,− (the first process developed to recycle PU waste in a chemical way, in particular for flexible PU foams), aminolysis − (the polymer chain is degraded with low molecular-weight amines), phosphorolysis − (a reaction analogous to hydrolysis in which esters of phosphonic or phosphoric acids perform in a similar way to that of water with the formation of a phosphate), and glycolysis − (the PU chain is fragmented by glycols producing polyols). Methanolysis of PU foams was also investigated by several groups, , starting from commercially available PU foams and thermoplastic PU (TPU) elastomer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling Polyurethanes through Transcarbamoylation

Zhao

Semetey

2021

ACS Omega

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In this paper, we describe a new strategy to recycle polyurethanes (PUs) using base-catalyzed transcarbamoylation. PUs were depolymerized qualitatively in the presence of MeOH (methanol)/tetrahydrofuran as a solvent and tert-butoxide as a base catalyst. The resulting depolymerized mixture constituted by O-dimethylcarbamates and polyols can either be used as the starting material to synthesize new PUs with the transcarbamoylation approach or be purified to recover polyols and diisocyanates. The versatility and easy scaling-up of the experimental procedures and high depolymerization outcomes of the presented method make this strategy very attractive for PU recycling.

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Polyurethane foams produced from pyrolysis oil – Production and possible application

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Bio-Oil: The Next-Generation Source of Chemicals

Bio-Oil: The Next-Generation Source of Chemicals

Characterization of liquefied products from corn stalk in the presence of polyhydric alcohols with acid catalysis

Recycling Polyurethanes through Transcarbamoylation

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