Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Health

Kris‐Etherton, Penny M.; Hecker, Kari D; Binkoski, Amy E.

doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2004.tb00013.x

Cited by 129 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…With regard to dietary fat, there is growing consensus concerning the beneficial effects of MUFA and/or PUFA in terms of preventing diabetes and CVD (21)(22)(23)(24) , but the detrimental effect of SFA is still controversial (25,26) . In our study, the highest total fat intake was found in the vegetal/fat group, followed by the animal products group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome factors in a non-diabetic Italian population

Leite

Nicolosi

2009

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To examine the relationship between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome. Design: Population-based cross-sectional study. The K-means clustering method was used to identify dietary patterns and logistic regression models were used to compare the adjusted prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome factors, stratifying by obesity status. Setting: The 1992-3 Italian Bollate Eye Study, a population-based survey carried out in the town of Bollate (Milan), Italy. Subjects: A total of 1052 non-diabetic Italian subjects, 527 men and 525 women, aged 42-74 years. Results: Five dietary clusters were identified: common, animal products, starch, vegetal/fat and vitamin/fibre. After adjusting for potential confounders, the starch group showed the highest prevalence of metabolic syndrome (36 %) followed by the animal products group (30 %); the vitamin/fibre (20 %) and vegetal/fat groups (19 %) showed the lowest prevalence. The starch group had more dyslipidaemia (higher TAG and lower HDL cholesterol levels) and the animal products group had a higher prevalence of impaired fasting glucose. The vitamin/fibre group had the lowest prevalence of abdominal obesity. The beneficial effect of the vegetal/ fat and vitamin/fibre dietary patterns seemed stronger among the obese. Conclusions: Our results confirm the deleterious effect of a very-low-fat, highcarbohydrate diet and also of high intakes of animal products. The consumption of a diet high in vegetal fats or rich in fruits and vegetables is associated with a healthier metabolic profile. Reducing obesity is essential to prevent metabolic syndrome, but even among the obese dietary habits are important for preserving healthy lipid and glycaemic profiles. Keywords Metabolic syndromeDietary patterns Obesity Dyslipidaemia Cluster analysis Metabolic syndrome indicates a group of markersabdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, increased blood pressure and high plasma glucose levels -whose presence points to a very high risk of developing diabetes or CVD. These outcomes can be effectively prevented by early syndrome management, particularly including lifestyle modifications (1) .It is widely recognised that a healthy balanced diet is one of the principal elements in the prevention of diabetes and CVD, but it is still unclear which dietary pattern is the most beneficial for the successful management of metabolic syndrome and its complications, especially regarding the proportion and type of carbohydrates and fat (2)(3)(4) . Furthermore, the possible influence of conditions such as overweight and obesity on the relationship between diet and the metabolic syndrome needs to be evaluated (5) .We used the database of the Italian Bollate Eye Study (6)(7)(8) to examine the relationships between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome factors in an adult population. MethodsWe used data from the 1992-3 Italian Bollate Eye Study, which was designed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of major eye diseases in a population consisting of a random sample of all individu...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome factors in a non-diabetic Italian population

Leite

Nicolosi

2009

Public Health Nutr.

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“…However, application of the 1-week withdrawal period in birds fed FO diets did not significantly affect lipoproteins. In recent studies, lipoproteins like LDL play a critical role in atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease have been demonstrated (Kris-Etherton et al, 2004;Ló pez-Garcia et al, 2005). It is documented that serum HDL level is capable of decreasing the negative effects of high blood cholesterol (Alparslan and Ö zdogan, 2006).…”

Section: Serum Biochemical Valuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The supplementation of fish extracts (oils) in animal reproduction would provide not only the physiological needs of animals, but also adequate quantities of the diet composition of humans (Kris-Etherton et al, 2004). Recent epidemiologic studies suggest that dietary consumption of EPA and DHA affects the relative concentrations of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs and, consequently, cardiovascular disorders, presumably because of their structural and biochemical involvement in pathophysiological processes and the associated improved performance (Kris-Etherton et al, 2004;Alparslan and Ö zdogan, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent epidemiologic studies suggest that dietary consumption of EPA and DHA affects the relative concentrations of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs and, consequently, cardiovascular disorders, presumably because of their structural and biochemical involvement in pathophysiological processes and the associated improved performance (Kris-Etherton et al, 2004;Alparslan and Ö zdogan, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood and tissue fatty acid compositions, lipoprotein levels, performance and meat flavor of broilers fed fish oil: changes in the pre- and post-withdrawal design

Aghaei

Safamehr

Mehmannavaz

et al. 2012

Animal

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Administration of fish oil (FO) in broiler diets can elevate a-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA) levels, which are protective against cardiovascular disease. However, optimization based solely on n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) enrichment in chicken meat could lead to lower meat quality, unless the withdrawal period (plan) is applied for 1 week. The present study investigated whether the incorporation of FO in the diet for 32 days followed by its withdrawal for 1 week affected blood lipid profiles, lipoprotein particles, performance and meat flavor in male broiler chickens. Two hundred and forty birds (1-day-old, Ross 308) were assigned to 1 of 4 dietary groups: 0%, 1%, 2% or 3% FO with four replicates. Broilers were fed for 49 days according to a 4-phase feeding program. The experimental phase comprised day 11 to 42, and FO was removed on day 42. Blood samples were collected during the pre-and post-withdrawal period after the recordings before slaughter. The FO groups demonstrated decreased low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and increased high-density lipoprotein levels on day 42 (P , 0.01); however, these values were not significant after design withdrawal. Diet supplementation with FO elevated the blood levels of palmitic acid (C16:0) and n-3 PUFAs, especially long-chain (LC) PUFAs (EPA, C20:5n-3 and DHA, C22:6n-3), and caused a decline in the level of arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4n-6; P , 0.05). Application of a one-week withdrawal period resulted in a decrease in (P , 0.05) linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) and an increase in the level of AA, unlike their amounts on day 42. Although blood and tissue LC n-3 PUFA levels on day 49 were significantly higher in the FO groups compared with the control, they demonstrated a substantial decrease on day 49 compared with day 42. The best results, mainly the lowest n-6/n-3 fatty acids (FAs) and feed conversion ratio (FCRs), were observed for 3% FO (group T4), even after institution of the withdrawal design. Degradation of total n-3 FAs deposited in tissues occurred after instituting the withdrawal plan diet, but deposited levels of EPA and DHA in tissues could ensure omega-3 enrichment of broiler meat in groups 3 and 4. On the basis of the dissatisfaction of the panelists toward group 4 meats (scored as near to acceptable) and their satisfaction with cooked samples of T3 (scored as good), group 3 meats were selected as good-quality n-3-enriched broiler meat.

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“…7 Doymuş yağlara göre kıyaslandığında; TDYA, ÇDYA gibi toplam kolesterol ve düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein [low density lipoprotein (LDL-K)] kolesterol düzeylerini azaltabilmektedir. 35,36 TDYA'nın plazma yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein [high density lipoprotein (HDL-K)] kolesterol seviyesini artırabildiği ve trigliserid seviyesini azaltabildiği de saptanmıştır. 37 Balık ve deniz ürünlerinde bol miktarda bulunan ÇDYA'dan olan n-3 yağ asitleri de trigliserid, toplam kolesterol ve LDL-K seviyelerini azaltabilmekte, HDL-K seviyesini ise artırabilmektedir.…”

Section: Doymamış Yağlarunclassified

Current Mediterranean Diet and Potential Health Effects: Review

Gönder¹,

Akbulut²

2017

Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci

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110kdeniz diyeti, beş bin yıl veya daha öncesinden beri var olan ve Mezopotamya ile Doğu Akdeniz bölgesinden yayılan bir yaşam tarzı-dır. Akdeniz diyeti farklı medeniyetlerin savaşlarından etkilenmiş; Güncel Akdeniz Diyeti ve Potansiyel Sağlık Etkileri Ö ÖZ ZE ET T Akdeniz diyeti; meyve ve sebzeler, tam tahıllı besinler, baklagiller, yağlı tohumlar ve zeytin gibi bitkisel besinlerden zengin; balık ve deniz ürünlerinin orta-yüksek düzeyde; süt ürünleri, yumurta, kümes hayvanları ve şarabın orta düzeyde; kırmızı etin ise düşük düzeyde tüketimi ile karakterize bir beslenme modelidir. Akdeniz diyeti, bileşimindeki yararlı besinlerin tüketimi ve besin ögelerinin alımıyla ilişkili sağlıklı bir beslenme modeli olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Toplumların son yıllarda değişen yaşam tarzlarına uygun olarak Akdeniz beslenme piramidi güncellenmiştir. Güncel olan bu piramitte besin tüketim sıklıkları ve miktarlarının dışında, kültürel unsurlar ve yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri de yer almaktadır. Akdeniz diyeti ''sürdürülebilir'' özelliktedir. Bu özel-liği, şimdiki ve gelecek nesiller için oldukça önemli bir beslenme modeli olmasının sebeplerinden biridir. Beslenmenin, hastalıkların risk profillerini etkilediği bilinmektedir. Yapılan birçok çalış-mada, Akdeniz diyetinin çeşitli hastalıkların önlenmesi ve düzeltilmesi ile ilişkili olduğu kanıtlan-mıştır. Şişmanlık, Tip 2 diabetes mellitus, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, Alzheimer ve kanser bu hastalıklar arasında ön plana çıkanlardır. Akdeniz diyetinin yüksek düzeyde antioksidan bileşen-ler, doymamış yağ asitleri, posa ve magnezyum içermesinin yanı sıra düşük düzeyde enerji içer-mesi ile orta düzeyde alkol tüketiminin olması; bu hastalıklar üzerindeki potansiyel etki mekanizmalarının başında yer almaktadır. Bu nedenlerle Akdeniz diyeti, daha iyi ve daha uzun yaşamın anahtarı olarak düşünülebilir.A An na ah ht ta ar r K Ke el li im me el le er r: : Diyet, Akdeniz; yağ asitleri, doymamış; diyet posası; antioksidanlar A AB BS ST TR RA AC CT T Mediterranean diet is a dietary pattern characterized by a high intake of plant origin foods such as fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, nuts and olive, a high to moderate intake of fish and seafoods, a moderate intake of dairy products, eggs, poultry, wine and a low intake of red meat.

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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Health

Cited by 129 publications

References 58 publications

Dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome factors in a non-diabetic Italian population

Dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome factors in a non-diabetic Italian population

Blood and tissue fatty acid compositions, lipoprotein levels, performance and meat flavor of broilers fed fish oil: changes in the pre- and post-withdrawal design

Current Mediterranean Diet and Potential Health Effects: Review

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