Polythionate metabolism in Thiomonas intermedia K12

Wentzien, Susanne; Sand, Wolfgang

doi:10.1016/s1572-4409(99)80081-9

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The third type of metabolism responsible for the anaerobic transformation of sulfur intermediates is the so-called disproportionation (Bak and Cypionka, 1987;Thamdrup et al, 1993;Wentzien and Sand, 1999), which is described as a type of inorganic fermentation, where the substrate serves as electron donor as well as electron acceptor (Equations 10-13). By using radiotracers, it was shown that the disproportionation of thiosulfate is a key process in the sedimentary sulfur cycle (Jørgensen, 1990a).…”

Section: Anoxic Sulfi De Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anaerobic disproportionation of 4 moles of tetrathionate (Equation 13) to form 6 moles of thiosulfate, 1 mol of trithionate, and 1 mol of sulfate (1.5:1 S 2 O 3 2− :S 4 O 6 2− ratio) has been shown for the facultative heterotroph Thiomonas intermedia K12 (Wentzien and Sand, 1999) at circumneutral pH. Disproportionation of other intermediate sulfur compounds in marine sediments has been demonstrated (Jørgensen, 1990a;Jørgensen and Bak, 1991;Canfi eld andThamdrup, 1994, 1996), and there is no reason to think that tetrathionate disproportionation may not occur as well.…”

Section: Alternatives To Dissimilatory Tetrathionate Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution and fate of sulfur intermediates—sulfite, tetrathionate, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur—in marine sediments

Zopfi¹,

Ferdelman²,

Fossing³

2004

Sulfur Biogeochemistry - Past and Present

139

175

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Most of the sulfi de produced in surface marine sediments is eventually oxidized back to sulfate via sulfur compounds of intermediate oxidation state in a complexweb of competing chemical and biological reactions. Improved handling, derivatization, and chromatographic techniques allowed us to more closely examine the occurrence and fate of the sulfur intermediates elemental sulfur (S 0 ), thiosulfate (S 2 O 3 2− ), tetrathionate (S 4 O 6 2− ), and sulfi te (SO 3 2− ) in Black Sea and North Sea sediments. Elemental sulfur was the most abundant sulfur intermediate with concentrations ~3 orders of magnitude higher than the dissolved species, which were typically in the low micromolar range or below. Turnover times of the intermediate sulfur compounds were inversely correlated with concentration and followed the order: SO 3 2− ≈ S 4 O 6 2− > S 2 O 3 2− > S 0 .Experiments with anoxic but non-sulfi dic surface sediments from the Black Sea revealed that added sulfi de and sulfi te disappeared most rapidly, followed by thiosulfate. Competing chemical reactions, including the reaction of sulfi te with sedimentary S 0 that led to temporarily increased thiosulfate concentrations, resulted in the rapid disappearance of SO 3 2− . Conversely, low thiosulfate concentrations in the Black Sea sediments (<3µM) were attributed to the activity of thiosulfate-consuming bacteria. Experiments with anoxic but non-sulfi dic sediments revealed that 1 mol of tetrathionate was rapidly converted to 2 moles of thiosulfate. This tetrathionate reduction was bacterially mediated and occurred generally much faster than thiosulfate consumption. The rapid reduction of tetrathionate back to thiosulfate creates a cul-de-sac in the sulfur cycle, with thiosulfate acting as a bottleneck for the oxidation pathways between sulfi de and sulfate.

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Section: Anoxic Sulfi De Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alternatives To Dissimilatory Tetrathionate Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and fate of sulfur intermediates—sulfite, tetrathionate, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur—in marine sediments

Zopfi¹,

Ferdelman²,

Fossing³

2004

Sulfur Biogeochemistry - Past and Present

139

175

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“…The sulphate concentration increased continuously during the experiment. Tests, carried out for a prolonged time period, indicated that tetrathionate was already undetectable after 7 min, whereas trithionate became totally depleted only after 120 min [24,25].…”

Section: Aerobic Degradation Of Thiosulphate and Tetrathionate By Thimentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetrathionate Disproportionation by Thiomonas intermedia K12

Wentzien

Sand²

2004

Engineering in Life Sciences

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Thiomonas intermedia K12, a moderately acidophilic bacterium, which oxidises sulphur compounds, ± exhibited the capability to use tetrathionate under oxic and anoxic conditions. Whereas under oxic conditions, the reduced sulphur tetrathionate compound was oxidised, under anoxic conditions, the organism disproportionated the compound. In both cases, trithionate and sulphate were produced but in different amounts. The results of the tetrathionate degradation experiments under oxic conditions pointed towards a cyclic degradation process with a transient formation of trithionate and sulphate as the final products, similar to the mechanism described for acidophilic sulphur compound oxidising bacteria. The results of the tetrathionate degradation experiments under anoxic conditions hinted to a partial reduction of tetrathionate to thiosulphate and a fractional oxidation to trithionate and sulphate. 4 M tetrathionate were converted to 6 M thiosulphate, 1 M trithionate, 1 M sulphate, and 8 M protons. The DG 0 ' of this reaction was found to be ±16.1 kJ per mol tetrathionate degraded. Additionally, Thiomonas intermedia K12 grew under anoxic conditions with tetrathionate as the sole energy source. The cell numbers increased from 10 5 as the start value to 10 7 /mL at the end. Organic compounds, excluding traces of yeast extract, did not enhance growth. Therefore, it is proposed that tetrathionate disproportionation is a novel lithotrophic metabolism, which allowed Thiomonas intermedia K12 to survive changing conditions of oxygen supply in sulphur-compound-rich environments and even to grow during this reaction. The extensive sulphur compound analysis was carried out by ion-pair chromatography.

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Mechanism of electron transport during thiosulfate oxidation in an obligately mixotrophic bacterium Thiomonas bhubaneswarensis strain S10 (DSM 18181T)

Narayan

Sabat

Das

2016

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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This study describes the thiosulfate-supported respiratory electron transport activity of Thiomonas bhubaneswarensis strain S10 (DSM 18181). Whole-genome sequence analysis revealed the presence of complete sox (sulfur oxidation) gene cluster (soxCDYZAXB) including the sulfur oxygenase reductase (SOR), sulfide quinone reductase (SQR), sulfide dehydrogenase (flavocytochrome c (fcc)), thiosulfate dehydrogenase (Tsd), sulfite dehydrogenase (SorAB), and intracellular sulfur oxidation protein (DsrE/DsrF). In addition, genes encoding respiratory electron transport chain components viz. complex I (NADH dehydrogenase), complex II (succinate dehydrogenase), complex III (ubiquinone-cytochrome c reductase), and various types of terminal oxidases (cytochrome c and quinol oxidase) were identified in the genome. Using site-specific electron donors and inhibitors and by analyzing the cytochrome spectra, we identified the shortest thiosulfate-dependent electron transport chain in T. bhubaneswarensis DSM 18181. Our results showed that thiosulfate supports the electron transport activity in a bifurcated manner, donating electrons to quinol (bd) and cytochrome c (Caa ) oxidase; these two sites (quinol oxidase and cytochrome c oxidase) also showed differences in their phosphate esterification potential (oxidative phosphorylation efficiency (P/O)). Further, it was evidenced that the substrate-level phosphorylation is the major contributor to the total energy budget in this bacterium.

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Polythionate metabolism in Thiomonas intermedia K12

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Distribution and fate of sulfur intermediates—sulfite, tetrathionate, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur—in marine sediments

Distribution and fate of sulfur intermediates—sulfite, tetrathionate, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur—in marine sediments

Tetrathionate Disproportionation by Thiomonas intermedia K12

Mechanism of electron transport during thiosulfate oxidation in an obligately mixotrophic bacterium Thiomonas bhubaneswarensis strain S10 (DSM 18181T)

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