Polysubstance use in treatment seekers who inject amphetamine: Drug use profiles, injecting practices and quality of life

Kelly, Peter J.; Robinson, Laura; Baker, Amanda; Deane, Frank P.; McKetin, Rebecca; Hudson, Suzanne; Keane, Carol

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.02.006

Cited by 43 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In univariate analyses only amphetamine was trending towards being significantly different ( P = 0.052) so only this primary drug group was included in the multivariate analyses. It is important to note that while the numbers are small for amphetamine relative to other drugs of concern at present, the use of amphetamine is a currently increasing problem [ 27 ]. Early program withdrawal may be related to withdrawal effects, such as paranoia, irritability or inability to regulate emotions, which in turn may lengthen the time taken see positive effects and increase the likelihood of premature departure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More research is needed to explore this area. Indeed, an inquiry into crystal methamphetamine use reported that there is lack of research into amphetamine being used as the primary drug of concern, which restricts the development of services to address the needs of this growing group [ 27 ]. Missing data resulted in a reduced sample size for parts of the analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Completion rates and psychosocial intervention effectiveness in an Australian substance use therapeutic community

Harley

Pit

Rees³

et al. 2018

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

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BackgroundProgram attrition is a major problem in substance use treatment. It is not clear which client and treatment variables are related to successful completion. This study aimed to identify client variables associated with Therapeutic Community (TC) completion. A secondary aim was to investigate changes in entry and exit scores on psychosocial outcome measures.MethodsRetrospective quantitative analysis of data collected from 193 Australian TC residents, over 3.5 years. Variables measured included: demographics; Depression, Anxiety, Stress Score (DASS-21) and World Health Organisation Quality of Life 8 questions (WHOQOL-8).ResultsCompletion rates were 30.6%. High Money WHOQOL-8 scores, suggestive of minimal financial stressors, positively predicted completion. Multivariate analyses showed that negative predictors of completion were: amphetamine being primary substance of concern, aggression, high Relationship WHOQOL-8 scores, suggestive of positive relationships, and younger or older age. Those in the program demonstrated clinically significant psychological improvement and significant improvement in all quality of life scores over time. The degree of psychometric improvement was most pronounced in those who completed the course, with the exception of depression, stress, and money problems.ConclusionThe findings provide an understanding of specific predictors of program completion which may help to identify high-risk clients and inform program improvement. Early attrition rates may be reduced by monitoring and supporting high-risk clients. Overall, psychometric improvement occurred amongst both completers and non-completers overtime but is most prominent amongst course completers, with the exception of depression, stress, and money problems. Future research could potentially focus on amphetamine users and shortened TC programs, focusing on acute psychosocial intervention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Completion rates and psychosocial intervention effectiveness in an Australian substance use therapeutic community

Harley

Pit

Rees³

et al. 2018

Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Polysubstance users have been found to have a higher risk of overdose, emergency department (ED) visits, violence, accidental injury ( Macdonald et al, 2014 ), traffic accidents ( De Boni et al, 2014 ), and lower addiction treatment effectiveness ( Evans et al, 2015 ; Hou, Zhan, Zheng, Zhan, & Zheng, 2014 ; Liu et al, 2018 ) compared to mono-substance users. Polysubstance use has also been associated with worse physical health ( Quek et al, 2013 ; White et al, 2013 ), lower quality of life ( Kelly et al, 2017 ) and higher rates of mental health conditions, such as anxiety, depression, social phobia, and personality disorders ( Agrawal, Lynskey, Madden, Bucholz, & Heath, 2007 ; Chen et al, 2014 ; Evans et al, 2015 ; Kelly et al, 2017 ; Leeman et al, 2016 ; Quek et al, 2013 ; White et al, 2013 ). Studies examining cocaine-polysubstance use mainly focus on the comparison between individuals who used cocaine only and individuals who used cocaine plus one other substance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A latent class analysis of the past-30-day substance use patterns among lifetime cocaine users: Findings from a community sample in North Central Florida

Liu

Elliott

Serdarevic

et al. 2019

Addictive Behaviors Reports

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Objectives Cocaine use is increasing and many cocaine users engage in polysubstance use. Within polysubstance use, relationships among use of individual substances are necessarily complex. To address this complexity, we used latent class analysis (LCA) to identify patterns of polysubstance use among lifetime cocaine users and examine associations among these patterns, demographics, and risk profiles. Methods Members of HealthStreet, an ongoing community engagement program, were asked about lifetime and past 30-day use of cocaine, alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, and prescription medications, mental health conditions, recent Emergency Department (ED) visits and demographics. LCA was used to identify classes of past 30-day polysubstance use among individuals who endorsed lifetime cocaine use. Multinomial logistic regression identified factors associated with these classes. Results Among 1797 lifetime cocaine users, a five-class LCA model was identified: 1) past 30-day tobacco use only (45%), 2) past 30-day alcohol, marijuana and tobacco use (31%), 3) past 30-day tobacco, prescription opioid and sedative use (13%), 4) past 30-day cocaine, alcohol, marijuana and tobacco use (9%), 5) past 30-day cocaine and multiple polysubstance use (2%). Demographics, ED visits and mental health conditions were associated with class membership. Conclusions Approximately 11% of lifetime cocaine users used cocaine in the past 30 days with two different concurrent substance use patterns. Prescription medication (opioids and sedatives) and complex polysubstance use patterns were stronger indicators of negative outcomes than current cocaine use. Cocaine was not used frequently with other stimulants. In addition to polysubstance use, prescription medication use should be targeted for intervention among lifetime cocaine users.

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“…The overall conclusions from this study are, however, likely to be relevant for a larger population of pregnant women who severely misuse psychoactive substances. For example, the results confirm that pregnant substance abusers commonly present a complexity of social and health problems (Anderson et al, 1997;Crome et al, 2005), including a multifaceted consumption of substances (Crome et al, 2005;Delano, Gareri, & Koren, 2013;Kelly et al, 2017).…”

Section: Health Problemsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Substance abuse during pregnancy: a 5-year follow-up of mothers and children

Reitan

2018

Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy

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Introduction: The study investigates health and social conditions among pregnant substance abusers and the children that were born from these pregnancies, and analyses outcomes in relation to type of substance abuse. Methods: Register data concerning 97 pregnant substance abusers and 104 children, at birth and 5 years on, were analysed with descriptive statistics and chi square tests. Results: The women presented a multitude of problems, including low education, substance abusing partners, and elevated smoking rates. Compared with the population, more children were born prematurely and average birth weight was almost 350 g lower. About 14% were diagnosed as being affected by maternal substance abuse. During follow-up, 5 women died and 88% showed continued substancerelated mental and health problems. All children survived and 85% experienced placement in outof-home care. Purchase of psychotropic drugs and mental health problems were more common among women with alcohol as one drug of preference. Conclusions: Parenthood did not represent a turning point for pregnant substance abusers. Comprehensive and persistent support is necessary, but in the short-term, efforts should be made to curb excessive smoking rates. The children faced several disadvantages at birth, but a longer follow-up is required to assess the impact of maternal substance abuse properly.

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Polysubstance use in treatment seekers who inject amphetamine: Drug use profiles, injecting practices and quality of life

Cited by 43 publications

References 32 publications

Completion rates and psychosocial intervention effectiveness in an Australian substance use therapeutic community

Completion rates and psychosocial intervention effectiveness in an Australian substance use therapeutic community

A latent class analysis of the past-30-day substance use patterns among lifetime cocaine users: Findings from a community sample in North Central Florida

Substance abuse during pregnancy: a 5-year follow-up of mothers and children

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