Polyspike ictal-onset absence seizures in a pediatric patient with Down syndrome

Abstract

Polyspike ictal-onset absence seizure has been reported in adult patients with genetic generalized epilepsy but is a novel pattern in the pediatric population. Absence seizures are usually associated with generalized spike-and-wave on EEG. However, we present the case of a 10-year-old girl with Down syndrome and developmental delays who presented with atypical absence seizure associated with an unusual electroencephalographic (EEG) pattern of polyspike ictal-onset. Recognition of this ictal pattern in the pediatric population, as previously reported in adult populations, is important as it can have therapeutic and prognostic implications.

Epilepsy in Down Syndrome: A Highly Prevalent Comorbidity

“…Myoclonus is frequently refractory to treatment and does not have EEG correlates, suggesting a non-cortical origin of these myoclonic jerks. Tremor and disabling cerebellar ataxia, which also coexist with DSAD, especially in the context of LOMEDS, also contributes to the risk of falls [53].…”

“…Other types of epileptic seizures with a motor component frequently described in the context of other causes of intellectual disabilities such as reflex epileptic seizures to sensory stimuli, mainly auditory, are infrequent in context of DS, occurring in approximately 1% in this age range [40,[52][53][54].…”

Ultra‐Low Cost, Facile Fabrication of Transparent Neural Electrode Array for Electrocorticography with Photoelectric Artifact‐Free Optogenetics

“…Notably, the electrophysiological signal displayed drug‐evoked LFPs between 0 and 20 Hz at the time of reaction to the drug. [ 35 ] Clear spontaneous LFPs were also measured even after the further miniaturization of the electrode sensing site (electrode size: 50 × 50 µm 2 ) (Figure S17, Supporting Information). This data suggest that our transparent PEDOT:PSS‐EG electrode array can reliably capture pathological neural signals from transgenic mice.…”