Polysomnographic Sleep Dysregulation in Cocaine Dependence

Valladares, Edwin M.; Irwin, Michael R.

doi:10.1100/tsw.2007.264

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Finally, this study evaluated substance dependent subjects during early abstinence after acute withdrawal symptoms had resolved. Whereas alterations in sleep continuity vary across the abstinence period, disturbances in sleep architecture including loss of SWS do not substantially change within a month of abstinence in cocaine- and alcohol dependence [6, 41, 42]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysomnographic measures of sleep in cocaine dependence and alcohol dependence: Implications for age‐related loss of slow wave, stage 3 sleep

Irwin

Bjurström²,

Olmstead

2016

Addiction

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and aimsSleep disturbance is a prominent complaint in cocaine and alcohol dependence. This controlled study evaluated differences of polysomnographic (PSG) sleep in cocaine‐ and alcohol‐dependent subjects, and examined whether substance dependence interacts with age to alter slow wave sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.DesignCross‐sectional comparison.SettingLos Angeles and San Diego, CA, USA.ParticipantsAbstinent cocaine‐dependent subjects (n = 32), abstinent alcohol‐dependent subjects (n = 73) and controls (n = 108); mean age 40.3 years recruited 2005–12.MeasurementsPSG measures of sleep continuity and sleep architecture primary outcomes of Stage 3 sleep and REM sleep. Covariates included age, ethnicity, education, smoking, body mass index and depressive symptoms.FindingsCompared with controls, both groups of substance dependent subjects showed loss of Stage 3 sleep (P < 0.001). A substance dependence × age interaction was found in which both cocaine‐ and alcohol‐dependent groups showed loss of Stage 3 sleep at an earlier age than controls (P < 0.05 for all), and cocaine‐dependent subjects showed loss of Stage 3 sleep at an earlier age than alcoholics (P < 0.05). Compared with controls, REM sleep was increased in both substance‐dependent groups (P < 0.001), and cocaine and alcohol dependence were associated with earlier age‐related increase in REM sleep (P < 0.05 for all).ConclusionsCocaine and alcohol dependence appear to be associated with marked disturbances of sleep architecture, including increased rapid eye movement sleep and accelerated age‐related loss of slow wave, Stage 3 sleep.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysomnographic measures of sleep in cocaine dependence and alcohol dependence: Implications for age‐related loss of slow wave, stage 3 sleep

Irwin

Bjurström²,

Olmstead

2016

Addiction

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This literature has recently been reviewed for dependent users of alcohol,61 cannabis,62, 63 cocaine,62, 64, 65 nicotine,66 opioids,67 and hallucinogens such as MDMA 62, 68. In addition, sedative-hypnotics drugs, which are a mainstay of insomnia treatment worldwide, are associated with abuse and dependence, and ongoing sleep disturbance is common among individuals that either abuse or become dependent on sedative-hypnotics 51-54…”

Section: Conceptual Framework For the Sleep Disturbance-relapse Hypotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep disturbance as a universal risk factor for relapse in addictions to psychoactive substances

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Relapse to uncontrolled use of a psychoactive substance is arguably the single most defining characteristic of an addiction. Relapse following addiction treatment is very common with serious consequences to individuals, families, and the public system of care, making predictors of relapse a highly significant area of study. Before the turn of the century, most of the addiction treatment outcome literature focused on psychosocial predictors of relapse. More recently, investigating biological predictors of relapse specifically and treatment outcome broadly has gained momentum. This line of research has linked sleep disturbances to the risk of relapse among persons who are recovering from an alcohol addiction. Given common neurobiological and psychosocial processes in sleep and addictive behaviors, we hypothesize that the link between sleep disturbance and relapse risk observed among alcohol addiction generalizes to all other types of psychoactive substances. This hypothesis has the potential for helping develop more effective and targeted treatment approaches for persons with addiction. As initial support for the hypothesis, this paper reviews evidence on common neurobiological processes among various types of psychoactive substances that suggests sleep is a universal risk factor for relapse. A conceptual framework is also presented to articulate causal mechanisms. The paper concludes with implications for research and practice.

show abstract

“…Consistent findings from these studies included decreased total sleep time, decreased sleep efficiency, and increased sleep onset latency. These studies were limited, however, by their small size and methodological and participant differences (Morgan and Malison, 2007; Valladares, 2007). Nevertheless, there appeared to be a substantial difference between objective measurements of sleep in cocaine dependent persons and how they experienced their sleep, with the possibility that significant abnormalities worsened as abstinence from cocaine progressed.…”

Section: 0 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multistudy analysis of the effects of early cocaine abstinence on sleep

Matuskey

Pittman

Forselius

et al. 2011

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective To describe the sleep patterns of early cocaine abstinence in chronic users by polysomnographic and subjective measures. Methods 28 cocaine-dependent participants (ages 24-55) underwent polysomnographic sleep (PSG) recording on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd weeks of abstinence on a research dedicated inpatient facility. Objective measures of total sleep time, total REM time, slow wave sleep, sleep efficiency and a subjective measure (sleep quality) along with demographic data were collected from three different long term research studies over a five year period. Data were reanalyzed to allow greater statistical power for comparisons. Results Progressive weeks of abstinence had main effects on all assessed PSG sleep measures showing decreased total sleep time, REM sleep, stage 1 and 2 sleep, and sleep efficiency; increases in sleep onset and REM latencies and a slight increase in slow-wave sleep time were also present. Total sleep time and slow wave sleep were negatively associated with years of cocaine use. Total sleep time was positively associated with the amount of current ethanol use. Sex differences were found with females having more total REM time and an increase at a near significance level in slow wave sleep. Subjective measures were reported as improving with increasing abstinence over the same time period. Conclusions Chronic cocaine users show a general deterioration in objective sleep measures over a three-week period despite an increase in subjective overall sleep quality providing further evidence for “occult insomnia” during early cocaine abstinence.

show abstract

Polysomnographic Sleep Dysregulation in Cocaine Dependence

Cited by 25 publications

References 38 publications

Polysomnographic measures of sleep in cocaine dependence and alcohol dependence: Implications for age‐related loss of slow wave, stage 3 sleep

Polysomnographic measures of sleep in cocaine dependence and alcohol dependence: Implications for age‐related loss of slow wave, stage 3 sleep

Sleep disturbance as a universal risk factor for relapse in addictions to psychoactive substances

A multistudy analysis of the effects of early cocaine abstinence on sleep

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About