Polysome formation and incorporation of new ribosomes into polysomes during germination of the embryonic axis of maize

Dommès, Jacques; Walle, Claude Van de

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1990.790212.x

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The majority of the 1,251 proteins examined in germinating Arabidopsis embryos by Gallardo et al (2001) were also found in the dormant embryo. It is also recognised that the translation machinery reforms rapidly following imbibition (Dommes and Van der Walles 1990). Here the observed increase in accumulation prior to and during germination of transcripts encoding translation activation factors supports this concept.…”

Section: Changes In Accumulation Of Mrnas Encoding Proteins Involved supporting

confidence: 69%

Alteration of the embryo transcriptome of hexaploid winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Mercia) during maturation and germination

Wilson

Barker

et al. 2005

Funct Integr Genomics

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Grain dormancy and germination are areas of biology that are of considerable interest to the cereal community. We have used a 9,155-feature wheat unigene cDNA microarray resource to investigate changes in the wheat embryo transcriptome during late grain development and maturation and during the first 48 h of postimbibition germination. In the embryo 392 mRNAs accumulated by twofold or greater over the time course from 21 days postanthesis (dpa) to 40 dpa and on through 1 and 2 days postgermination. These included mRNAs encoding proteins involved in amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism, cell division and subsequent cell development, signal transduction, lipid metabolism, energy production, protein turnover, respiration, initiation of transcription, initiation of translation and ribosomal composition. A number of mRNAs encoding proteins of unknown function also accumulated over the time course. Conversely 163 sequences showed decreases of twofold or greater over the time course. A small number of mRNAs also showed rapid accumulation specifically during the first 48 h of germination. We also examined alterations in the accumulation of transcripts encoding proteins involved in abscisic acid signalling. Thus, we describe changes in the level of transcripts encoding wheat Viviparous 1 (Vp1) and other interacting proteins. Interestingly, the transcript encoding wheat Viviparous-interacting protein 1 showed a pattern of accumulation that correlates inversely with germination. Our data suggests that the majority of the transcripts required for germination accumulate in the embryo prior to germination and we discuss the implications of these findings with regard to manipulation of germination in wheat.

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Section: Changes In Accumulation Of Mrnas Encoding Proteins Involved supporting

confidence: 69%

Alteration of the embryo transcriptome of hexaploid winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Mercia) during maturation and germination

Wilson

Barker

et al. 2005

Funct Integr Genomics

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“…In our studies we applied a short 30 rain incubation of seedling with labelled amino acids. In such conditions the vast majority of polysome-associated label is in nascent protein (Dommes and Van de Walle 1990;You et al 1992). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Significant role for polysomes associated with the cytoskeleton in the control of protein synthesis during germination of triticale caryopses in the presence of abscisic acid

2000

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The influence of abscisic acid (ABA) on the process of polysome formation and synthesis of newly-fornaed proteins by different polysome populations was studied. Triticale caryopses were germinated in water or various ABA concentrations for 48 hrs, and afterwards they were transferred to a solution of 14C-amino acids and germinated for an additional 30 rain. Embryos were separated from caryopses, and four polysome populations were isolated: the FP (free polysomes), MBP (membrane-bound polysomes), CBP (cytoskeleton-bound polysomes) and CMBP (cytoskeleton-membrane-bound polysomes). ABA retarded both the process ofpolysome formation and their activity in forming new proteins in vivo in all studied fractions. Participation of polysomes in total ribosomal materials (sub-units, monosomes and polysomes) of each polysome population in the control sample was as follows: FP -77; MBP -72; CBP -70 and CMBP -66 %, whereas in sample treated by ABA (100 laM) it was accordingly: 17; 23; 27 and 28 %. The largest population made up FP (in control sample 69 %), participation of MBP was always lower and ranged from about 19 to 30 %. Participation of potysome populations bound with the cytoskeleton CBP and CMBP, both in control sample as well as in samples treated with 1 and 10/aM ABA solution, was only a few per cent. It should be noted that when the ABA concentration was higher (100 laM) (process of germination was strongly inhibited), participation of those two populations (CBP and CMBP) was much increased in embryos, respectively to about 18 and 20 %. In both the control group and in embryonal tissue treated with ABA increasing incorporation of radioactive precursors to newly-formed proteins in vivo in fractions of polysomes isolated by following buffers: C (FP), C + VIE (MBP), C + Tris (CBP) and buf. U (CMBP) was observed. It should be noted, that the biggest incorporation of 14C-amino acids into nascent polypeptide chains was found in the last polysome population (CMBP). In the sample treated with ABA (100 ~aM) the activity of this fraction (CMBP) in forming new proteins is several times, and in the case of FP dozens of times, more intense. Increased participation of CBP and CMBP in embryos of triticale caryopses treated with ABA (100 taM) and the largest incorporation of 14C-amino acids into nascent polypeptide chains synthesised by CMBP, may indicate the important role of proteins formed by polysomes associated with cytoskeleton in inhibition of germination and seedling growth by ABA.

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“…TopHat2 (version 2.0.10) was used to align reads to the V1 version of the PN40024 Vitis vinifera reference genome annotation obtained at EnsemblPlants [ 99 ]. Filtered reads were aligned with the “--b2-very-sensitive” option for Tophat2 and “--transcriptome-index” option with a corresponding EnsemblPlants-sourced index, as in [ 33 , 100 ]. Remaining parameters were kept at default.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The common transcriptional subnetworks of the grape berry skin in the late stages of ripening

et al. 2017

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BackgroundWine grapes are important economically in many countries around the world. Defining the optimum time for grape harvest is a major challenge to the grower and winemaker. Berry skins are an important source of flavor, color and other quality traits in the ripening stage. Senescent-like processes such as chloroplast disorganization and cell death characterize the late ripening stage.ResultsTo better understand the molecular and physiological processes involved in the late stages of berry ripening, RNA-seq analysis of the skins of seven wine grape cultivars (Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc and Semillon) was performed. RNA-seq analysis identified approximately 2000 common differentially expressed genes for all seven cultivars across four different berry sugar levels (20 to 26 °Brix). Network analyses, both a posteriori (standard) and a priori (gene co-expression network analysis), were used to elucidate transcriptional subnetworks and hub genes associated with traits in the berry skins of the late stages of berry ripening. These independent approaches revealed genes involved in photosynthesis, catabolism, and nucleotide metabolism. The transcript abundance of most photosynthetic genes declined with increasing sugar levels in the berries. The transcript abundance of other processes increased such as nucleic acid metabolism, chromosome organization and lipid catabolism. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified 64 gene modules that were organized into 12 subnetworks of three modules or more and six higher order gene subnetworks. Some gene subnetworks were highly correlated with sugar levels and some subnetworks were highly enriched in the chloroplast and nucleus. The petal R package was utilized independently to construct a true small-world and scale-free complex gene co-expression network model. A subnetwork of 216 genes with the highest connectivity was elucidated, consistent with the module results from WGCNA. Hub genes in these subnetworks were identified including numerous members of the core circadian clock, RNA splicing, proteolysis and chromosome organization. An integrated model was constructed linking light sensing with alternative splicing, chromosome remodeling and the circadian clock.ConclusionsA common set of differentially expressed genes and gene subnetworks from seven different cultivars were examined in the skin of the late stages of grapevine berry ripening. A densely connected gene subnetwork was elucidated involving a complex interaction of berry senescent processes (autophagy), catabolism, the circadian clock, RNA splicing, proteolysis and epigenetic regulation. Hypotheses were induced from these data sets involving sugar accumulation, light, autophagy, epigenetic regulation, and fruit development. This work provides a better understanding of berry development and the transcriptional processes involved in the late stages of ripening.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12...

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Polysome formation and incorporation of new ribosomes into polysomes during germination of the embryonic axis of maize

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Alteration of the embryo transcriptome of hexaploid winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Mercia) during maturation and germination

Alteration of the embryo transcriptome of hexaploid winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Mercia) during maturation and germination

Significant role for polysomes associated with the cytoskeleton in the control of protein synthesis during germination of triticale caryopses in the presence of abscisic acid

The common transcriptional subnetworks of the grape berry skin in the late stages of ripening

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