Polysemy and the Dictionary of Old English

Healey, Antonette diPaolo

doi:10.1515/9783110912609.137

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The verb burn is descended from two OE verbs, strong class III beornan and weak class 1 baernan, which merged during the ME period, along with admixture with parts of the two corresponding ON verbs (strong intransitive brenna and weak transitive brenna) (OED; [102]); the MoE past tense forms are clearly only related to the weak formations. The innovative /t/ variant does not seem to occur in OE (it is not mentioned in Bosworth and Toller [103] and there are no occurrences in the Old English Web Corpus [104]). The first ME occurrences according to the MED [105] and LAEME [106] Background.…”

Section: Hedgehog Lexical Itemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a phonolexical variable in the sense that it refers to a sound change which affected a single word: metathesis in the coda consonant cluster of waps. Both forms are attested from the OE period: Bosworth & Toller list forms waefs, waeps, weaps and waesp [174], of which the -fs-forms appear to be earlier; there are just four instances of the -spforms in the Old English Web Corpus [104], and all are 10th century or later. The impression that the -sp-forms are the innovation is confirmed by comparison with cognates outside English, such as OHG wefsa.…”

Section: Appendix E: Description Of Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using spatial patterns of English folk speech to infer the universality class of linguistic copying

Burridge

Blaxter

2020

Phys. Rev. Research

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Both linguistic and genetic evolution involve copying and mutation of variants. The simplest copying process assumes that variants are reproduced at a rate equal to their current frequency, exemplified by Kimura's stepping stone model of neutral evolution, and the voter model. In this case, spatial patterns are driven by noise. In the linguistic context, an alternative possibility is that speakers preferentially select variants which are already popular, yielding patterns driven by surface tension, exemplified by the Ising model. In this paper, we model language change using a spatial network of speakers, inspired by the Hopfield neural network. The model's universality class-Voter or Ising-is determined by speakers' learning function. We view maps generated by the Survey of English Dialects as samples from our network. Maximum likelihood analysis, and comparison of spatial auto-correlations between real and simulated maps, indicates that the underlying copying processes is more likely to belong to the conformity-driven Ising class.

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Section: Hedgehog Lexical Itemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix E: Description Of Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using spatial patterns of English folk speech to infer the universality class of linguistic copying

Burridge

Blaxter

2020

Phys. Rev. Research

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“…The data have been retrieved from the lexical database of Old English Nerthus (www.nerthusproject.com, consulted in May 2016), which comprises around 30,000 lexical entries based on the standard dictionaries of Old English: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (Bosworth and Toller, 1973), The student's Dictionary of Anglo-Saxon (Sweet, 1976), A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary (Hall, 1996), including the Supplement to Bosworth-Toller (Toller, 1921) as well as the Enlarged addenda and corrigenda (Campbell, 1972), and the revised edition of A Concise Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Merritt (1996). Finally, these data are checked against the textual evidence gathered in the Dictionary of Old English Corpus (hereafter DOEC, Healey et al, 2004).…”

Section: The Status Of Recursive Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The types and categories of Old English recursive compounding

Urraca

2017

Rev. lingüíst. leng. apl.

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This article deals with the recursive compounding of Old English nouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs. It addresses the question of the textual occurrences of the compounds of Old English by means of a corpus analysis based on the Dictionary of Old English Corpus. The data of qualitative analysis have been retrieved from the lexical database of Old English Nerthus. The analysis shows that the nominal, adjectival and adverbial compounds of Old English can be recursive. Nominal compounding allows double recursivity, whereas adjectival and adverbial compounding do not. The conclusion is reached that both the type and token frequencies of recursive compounds are very low; and recursive compounds from the adjectival class are more exocentric as regards categorisation.

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“…The hapax baelc has been associated with a related word, balc that glosses the Latin porca, which is defi ned by Lewis and Short as 'a ridge between two furrows, a balk'. 134 An image of a furrowed sky may not make much sense alone, but it may be an allusion to Cyprianus Gallus's description of the columna nubis in his rendition of Exodus in the early-fi fth-century biblical epic Heptateuchos.…”

Section: The Meteorological Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating the cloud-tent-ship conceit in Exodus

Wilcox

2011

Anglo-Saxon England

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The enigmatic description of the columna nubis in lines 71b–92 of the Old English Exodus juxtaposes images of substances that shield God's people from their hostile environment; understanding the relations among these protective coverings requires cultural and literary knowledge not explicitly articulated in Exodus. Metaphors and typologies developed in Arator's sixth-century Historia apostolica and subsequently conventionalized in Bede's eighth-century Expositio actuum Apostolorum, texts used in the Anglo-Saxon monastic curriculum, provide an interpretative framework for the complicated accretion of images in Exodus. Using insights about metaphorical processing from cognitive science, this article argues that the Exodus-poet crafted a sophisticated tripartite conceit to generate a pastoral relationship with his audience, first by adapting metaphoric mappings from Arator and Bede and then by extending their domains with culturally specific entailments about how ships and tents functioned as protective covers in Anglo-Saxon material culture.

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Polysemy and the Dictionary of Old English

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Using spatial patterns of English folk speech to infer the universality class of linguistic copying

Using spatial patterns of English folk speech to infer the universality class of linguistic copying

The types and categories of Old English recursive compounding

Creating the cloud-tent-ship conceit in Exodus

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