Polysaccharolytic activities of bacterial enzymes that degrade the cell walls of Pythium porphyrae, a causative fungus of red rot disease in Porphyra yezoensis

Abstract

Four bacteria with degrading activity against the cell walls of Pythium porphyrae were successfully isolated from Porphyra‐culturing environments. The crude enzymes from these bacterial isolates, Bacillus sp. BE1, Bacillus sp. FE1, Pseudomonas sp. PE1, and Pseudomonas sp. PE2, degraded the mycelial cell walls of Pythium sp. N‐Acetylglucosamine and glucose were detected in the supernatants of Pythium cell walls treated with the enzymes from Bacillus sp. BE1, Bacillus sp. FE1, and Pseudomonas sp. PE2 as the final degrading products by high‐performance liquid chromatography, whereas only glucose was detected in the supernatant of the cell walls treated with the enzyme from Pseudomonas sp. PE1. Moreover, the activities of β‐1,3‐glucanase, β‐1,3‐1,4‐glucanase, and chitinase were observed by polysaccharolytic analysis using the enzymes from Bacillus sp. BE1, Bacillus sp. FE1, and Pseudomonas sp. PE2, whereas only the activities of β‐1,3‐glucanase and β‐1,3‐1,4‐glucanase were found during analysis using Pseudomonas sp. PE1. β‐1,4‐Glucanase, β‐1,6‐glucanase, and mannanase activities were not detected in any of the crude enzymes obtained from these isolates. From the four isolates, the molecular weights (MW) of β‐1,3‐glucanase and chitinase were estimated to be approximately 50 000–100 000 by the ultrafiltration method. Two Pseudomonas spp. were also suggested to have β‐1,3‐1,4‐glucanases with MW of 50 000–100 000. However, the MW of β‐1,3‐1,4‐glucanases from the two Bacillus spp. might be close to 50 000 or they produce at least two β‐1,3‐1,4‐glucanases with MW of 30 000–50 000 and 50 000–100 000, respectively.

Skin bacterial diversity of Panamanian frogs is associated with host susceptibility and presence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

“…In addition, members of the genus Cellulomonas can degrade cellulose and chitin via extracellular enzyme production (Coughlan, 1985;Reguera and Leschine, 2001). As in the case of other chytrid fungi, Bd zoosporangia cell walls are made of chitin (Rasconi et al, 2009;Friesen and Kuhn, 2012) and could therefore be a target for chitin-degrading bacteria (Kitamura et al, 2002). Even though we found clear differences in bacterial community structure across sites with different Bd histories (infected and naive sites), a recent study showed that variation in community structure does not correlate with host infection status of C. fitzingeri and other species within these regions .…”

Characterization of cellulase producing Bacillus sp. for effective degradation of leaf litter biomass

“…Cellulose degradation is largely an aerobic process and the primary cellulolytic bacterial isolates are Pseudomonas sp. , Bacillus subtilis , Bacillus licheniformis , and Bacillus brevis . Fibrobacter succinogenes from the rumen is also an important cellulose degrader .…”

Grass Degrading β-1,3-1,4-d-glucanases from Bacillus subtilis GN156: Purification and Characterization of Glucanase J1 and pJ2 Possessing Extremely Acidic pI

“…PC-2 [16], Pseudomonas spp. [17], Ruminococcus flavefaciens [18], Streptomyces bovis JB1 [19], barley [20], wheat [21] and rice [22]. The important enzymes obtained for industrial application are usually from bacteria, especially hyperproducing selected strains of B. subtilis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens [7].…”