Polysaccharides isolated from lotus leaves (LLEP) exert anti-osteoporotic effects by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis

Hwang, Youn–Hwan; Jang, Seon‐A; Lee, Ami; Cho, Chang‐Won; Song, Young-Ran; Hong, Hee‐Do; Ha, Hyunil; Kim, Taesoo

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.059

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Generally, lotus leaf is consumed as a popular tea material, which also has a long history, being utilized as a traditional Chinese herb for treating diverse diseases, such as haematemesis, epistaxis, hyperlipidaemia, and obesity [ 2 ]. Recently, it has also attracted increasing attention as a potential functional food due to its diverse health-promoting effects, such as antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and hepatoprotective activities [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Usually, these health-promoting effects are correlated with different bioactive compounds that exist in lotus leaves, such as polysaccharides, flavonoids, alkaloids, essential oils, and triterpenoids [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Biological Properties of Water Soluble Polysaccharides from Lotus Leaves: Effects of Drying Techniques

et al. 2021

Molecules

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In the present study, the influence of five drying techniques on the structural and biological properties of polysaccharides from lotus leaves (LLPs) was investigated. Results revealed that the yields, contents of basic chemical components, molecular weights, and molar ratios of compositional monosaccharides of LLPs varied by different drying technologies. Low molecular weight distributions were observed in polysaccharides obtained from lotus leaves by hot air drying (LLP-H), microwave drying (LLP-M), and radio frequency drying (LLP-RF), respectively. The high contents of bound polyphenolics were measured in LLP-H and LLP-M, as well as polysaccharides obtained from lotus leaves by vacuum drying (LLP-V). Furthermore, both Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of LLPs were similar, indicating that drying technologies did not change their basic chemical structures. Besides, all LLPs exhibited obvious biological properties, including in vitro antioxidant capacities, antiglycation activities, and inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase. Indeed, LLP-H exhibited higher 2,2-azidobisphenol (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging ability (IC50 values, LLP-H, 0.176 ± 0.004 mg/mL; vitamin C, 0.043 ± 0.002 mg/mL) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrate phenyl) hydrazine radical scavenging ability (IC50 values, LLP-H, 0.241 ± 0.007 mg/mL; butylated hydroxytoluene, 0.366 ± 0.010 mg/mL) than others, and LLP-M exerted stronger antiglycation (IC50 values, LLP-M, 1.023 ± 0.053 mg/mL; aminoguanidine, 1.744 ± 0.080 mg/mL) and inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase (IC50 values, LLP-M, 1.90 ± 0.02 μg/mL; acarbose, 724.98 ± 16.93 μg/mL) than others. These findings indicate that both hot air drying and microwave drying can be potential drying techniques for the pre-processing of lotus leaves for industrial applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and Biological Properties of Water Soluble Polysaccharides from Lotus Leaves: Effects of Drying Techniques

et al. 2021

Molecules

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“…In recent years, a large number of studies have proved the beneficial effect of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment for osteoporosis. Polysaccharides isolated from lotus leaves exert anti-osteoporotic effects by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis (Hwang et al, 2020). Catalpol, the primary active principle component of Rehmanniae Radix, promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway (Zhu et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous Extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge-Radix Puerariae Herb Pair Attenuates Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats Through Suppressing Osteoclast Differentiation

et al. 2021

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Traditional herb pair Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge-Radix Puerariae (DG) owns various biological activities including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is one high-risk factor for osteoporosis, then effect of DG on osteoporosis and underlying mechanisms was explored both in vivo and in vitro. Firstly, the predication from network pharmacology hinted that DG has the potential for ameliorating osteoporosis. Consistent with predication, DG significantly restored bone loss and deficiency of type II collagen, decreased TRAP and Cathepsin K positive areas in femur. Meanwhile it improved important characteristics of microarchitectural deterioration of tissue, reduced the numbers of NFATc1-positive osteoclast in the vertebra as well as decreased the serum osteoclast-specific cytokine RANKL and OPG release in OVX rats exhibiting its protective effect against osteoporosis. In vitro, DG noticeably decreased osteoclastic-special marker protein expressions of RANK, c-Fos and NFATc1. Furthermore, autophagy pathway p62/LC3B, ROS production and NF-κB were all activated by RANKL stimulation and blocked by DG pretreatment. Moreover, autophagy inhibitors, ROS scavenger, Ca2+ chelator and NF-κB inhibitor remarkably suppressed c-Fos and NFATc1 expressions. Taken together, DG may ameliorate osteoporosis by regulating osteoclast differentiation mediated by autophagy and oxidative stress. This study provided a mechanistic basis for DG treating osteoporosis and offered a safe dose for DG in preventing and improving bone diseases.

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“…In modern pharmacological studies of traditional oriental medicines, the polysaccharides of herbal medicines have been confirmed as major bioactive components, which are responsible for various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antitumor, anti-hyperglycemic and immune-stimulatory activities [ 32 ]. Especially, several recent studies have demonstrated that bioactive polysaccharides isolated from different plants have potent anti-osteoporotic effects in vivo [ 33 , 34 , 35 ]. In our study, C. myrrha resin-derived polysaccharides (i.e., WCM-PE) markedly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, which was similar to that of WCM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Osteoporotic Effects of Commiphora Myrrha and Its Poly-Saccharide via Osteoclastogenesis Inhibition

Hwang

Lee

Kim

et al. 2021

Plants

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In traditional oriental medicines, Commiphora myrrha and its resinous exudate (i.e., myrrh) are used as herbal remedies to treat various inflammatory and metabolic disorders. Until now, C. myrrha-derived herbal products are considered useful source for bioactive compounds to manage numerous human diseases. This study investigated the effects of water extract of C. myrrha resin (WCM) and its polysaccharide (WCM-PE) on modulatory effects of osteoclast differentiation and/or ovariectomized-induced bone loss. Oral administration of WCM (200 and 500 mg/kg/day for four weeks) notably decreased trabecular bone loss and lipid accumulation in the bone marrow cavity. WCM and WCM-PE dose-dependently inhibited receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and suppressed RANKL-mediated overexpression of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1, thereby downregulating osteoclast-specific gene (Atp6v0d2, DC-STAMP and cathepsin K) expression. Thus, our results suggest that WCM and WCM-PE are promising nutraceutical candidates for the management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

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Polysaccharides isolated from lotus leaves (LLEP) exert anti-osteoporotic effects by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

Structural and Biological Properties of Water Soluble Polysaccharides from Lotus Leaves: Effects of Drying Techniques

Structural and Biological Properties of Water Soluble Polysaccharides from Lotus Leaves: Effects of Drying Techniques

Aqueous Extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge-Radix Puerariae Herb Pair Attenuates Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats Through Suppressing Osteoclast Differentiation

Anti-Osteoporotic Effects of Commiphora Myrrha and Its Poly-Saccharide via Osteoclastogenesis Inhibition

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