Polysaccharides from Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat ameliorate colitis rats by modulating the intestinal microbiota community

Abstract

The gut microflora dysbiosis has been closely related with the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In this study, the effect of polysaccharides from Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat on the gut microbiota was evaluated by ulcerative colitis (UC) rat model. Physiological and pathological analyses suggested that Chrysanthemum polysaccharides possessed notably protective effects on UC in vivo. Based on the Illumina MiSeq platform, 16S rRNA sequencing of the rat colonic contents indicated that the intestinal flora structure remarkably changed in the model rats and the tendency was alleviated to a certain degree by treatment with different dosages of Chrysanthemum polysaccharides. In normal groups, there were more Firmicutes than Bacteroidetes, but this change lost at the pathological state. Following Chrysanthemum polysaccharides, rising Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was validated. Besides the microbial diversity and the community richness of the UC rats were improved by Chrysanthemum polysaccharides, the composition of intestinal microflora in the model group were also restored after oral administration of Chrysanthemum polysaccharides. The abundance of opportunistic pathogens was decreased (Escherichia, Enterococcus and Prevotella), while the levels of protective bacteria such as Butyricicoccus and Clostridium (butyrate-producing bacteria), Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium (probiotics), Lachnospiraceae and Rikenellaceae elevated in various degrees. Correlation analysis between intestinal flora and biochemical factors suggested that the relative abundance of protective bacteria was positively correlated with the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10 and IL-11, while aggressive bacteria were positively correlated with proinflammatory cytokine such as IL-23、IL-6、 IF-17、TNF-α、IL-1β and IFN-γ. The above results showed that the intestinal flora were closely related to the secretion and expression of cytokines in the body, and they interacted with each other to regulate immune function. Thus, Chrysanthemum polysaccharides could ameliorate ulcerative colitis by fostering beneficial intestinal flora growth, modulating the balance of intestinal microecology and restoring the immune system.

Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Microbiota-Modulating Effects of Camellia Oil from Camellia brevistyla on Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats

“…LDA-LEfSe indicated that the TCCO-treated group exhibited a higher relative abundance of Erysipelotrichales and Rikenellaceae than did the SO-treated group. Tao et al [26] reported that an increase in the counts of Rikenellaceae provides enhanced intestinal protection. In addition, the SO-treated group exhibited a higher relative abundance in Prevotellaceae, and Darnaud et al [27] showed that DSS-treated REG3A-TG mice (which are less sensitive to colitis) exhibited a lower level of Prevotellaceae than did DSS-treated normal mice.…”

Beneficial effects of three brown seaweed polysaccharides on gut microbiota and their structural characteristics: An overview

“…Growing evidence indicates that gut microbiota appears critical in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and improving metabolism health. It is well known that intestinal flora dysbiosis is closely related to the development of various chronic diseases (Hand et al, 2016), such as metabolic syndrome (Chassaing et al, 2015), colorectal cancer (Wang et al, 2012), angiocardiopathy (Tang & Hazen, 2014), type II diabetes (Li et al, 2018a), adiposis (Chang et al, 2015), inflammatory bowel disease (Tao et al, 2017) and cancer (Ohtani et al, 2014). The occurrence of these diseases may be due to the damage of intestinal mucosal and decrease of bacteria abundance.…”

Long-read sequencing of Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ‘Hangju’ transcriptome reveals flavonoid biosynthesis and regulation

“…According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Flos Chrysanthemi could be mainly classified into five varieties 'Hangju', 'Boju', 'Chuju', 'Gongju' and 'Huaiju'. Many pharmacological studies reported that it possesses various functions of antioxidation [1][2][3], cardiovascular protection [4,5], antimicrobial [6] and anti-inflammatory [7,8], which are benefit from the mainly active components, like flavonoids. The variety the 'Hangju' of Flos Chrysanthemi, which has been cultivated for centuries and developed into several genotypes, and the genotype 'Zaoyang' has the largest cultivated area and yield among all the genotypes [9].…”