Polysaccharides Composite Materials as Carbon Nanoparticles Carrier

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a dynamically developing field of science, due to the unique physical, chemical and biological properties of nanomaterials. Innovative structures using nanotechnology have found application in diverse fields: in agricultural and food industries, where they improve the quality and safety of food; in medical and biological sciences; cosmetology; and many other areas of our lives. In this article, a particular attention is focused on carbon nanomaterials, especially graphene, as well as carbon nanotubes and carbon quantum dots that have been successfully used in biotechnology, biomedicine and broadly defined environmental applications. Some properties of carbon nanomaterials prevent their direct use. One example is the difficulty in synthesizing graphene-based materials resulting from the tendency of graphene to aggregate. This results in a limitation of their use in certain fields. Therefore, in order to achieve a wider use and better availability of nanoparticles, they are introduced into matrices, most often polysaccharides with a high hydrophilicity. Such composites can compete with synthetic polymers. For this purpose, the carbon-based nanoparticles in polysaccharides matrices were characterized. The paper presents the progress of ground-breaking research in the field of designing innovative carbon-based nanomaterials, and applications of nanotechnology in diverse fields that are currently being developed is of high interest and shows great innovative potential.

The Functional and Application Possibilities of Starch/Chitosan Polymer Composites Modified by Graphene Oxide

“…The addition of antimicrobial substances would prevent spoilage of biodegradable packaging while also protecting the packaged product. Numerous studies have confirmed that this direction is absolutely right [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

“…Among the natural polymers used to create nanocomposites, polysaccharides have attracted particular attention. They are available, biodegradable and safe for humans; they have film, foaming and gel-forming properties; and they provide a barrier against oxygen and carbon dioxide [ 3 , 5 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Depending on the origin, polymers may exhibit many other desirable attributes, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties.…”

“…These advantages make it possible to use graphene for stabilization and structure reinforcement of polymers that have certain limitations; i.e., natural polymers such as starch, chitosan, cellulose, alginates, hyaluronic acid, which, despite their many advantages, show weak barrier properties or poor mechanical properties. On the other hand, natural polymers, thanks to their attributes such as low production costs, biodegradability, renewability, lack of toxicity and high compatibility with various materials, can be good carriers of nanoparticles [ 5 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

Enrichment of Starch Desserts with the Addition of Apple Juice and Buckwheat Fiber

“…Starches are widely used as stabilizing, thickening, or gelling and bulking agents in the formulation of food products [ 9 , 10 ]. Moreover, starches are base materials for the formation of biodegradable packaging films and edible coatings [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. The botanical origin of starch determines its properties and therefore affects the quality of starch-based food products, mainly their texture and rheology [ 16 ].…”

Studying the Effect of Shortening Carbon Nanotubes via Ball Milling on Cellulose Acetate Nanocomposite Membranes for Desalination Applications

“…The structure and properties of nanocomposite membranes depend on different variables such as the types of polymer matrices (e.g., polyamides, cellulose acetate), types of solvents (e.g., dimethylformamide, acetone), and the introduction of different additives, particularly nanofillers (e.g., graphene, nanoclays). Each variable can affect the porosity, surface, and cross section morphology of the membranes, thus creating mixed matrix membranes for different applications [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. One of the most widely investigated types of nanofillers involves carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and investigations have aimed at understanding their effects on filtration performance, mechanical stability, and morphology changes.…”