Polysaccharide-protein complex from coelomic fluid of Dendrobaena veneta earthworm exerts a multi-pathway antiplatelet effect without coagulopathy and cytotoxicity

Poniedziałek, Barbara; Rosińska, Joanna; Rzymski, Piotr; Fiołka, Marta J.

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113205

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the case of fluconazole, there are reports of its hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity 66 , 67 as well as cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on the monkey kidney cell line 68 and cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells 69 . In turn, our previous research indicates that heat-treated D. veneta coelomic fluid and Venetin-1 do not have cytotoxic effects against human fibroblasts 70 , normal human colon epithelial cells (CCD 841 CoTr) 36 , human platelet-rich plasma 37 , and human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) 35 . When searching for new therapeutics for use in medicine, one should take into account not only the effective action and the lack of cytotoxicity, which saves normal cells, but also the costs and efficiency of the method for isolation of the active compound.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Our studies showed that the protein-polysaccharide complex described previously as a fraction from the coelomic fluid had no cytotoxic activity against normal human fibroblasts 34 . The Venetin-1 complex showed antitumor activity against non-small lung cancer 35 and colon cancer 36 and exerted a multi-pathway antiplatelet effect without coagulopathy and cytotoxicity 37 . The active compound was separated from the earthworm coelomic fluid after elimination of its cytotoxicity using incubation at elevated temperature 33 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atypical changes in Candida albicans cells treated with the Venetin-1 complex from earthworm coelomic fluid

Wójcik-Mieszawska

Lewtak

Sofińska-Chmiel

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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In the present research, the effect of a protein-polysaccharide complex Venetin-1 obtained from the coelomic fluid of Dendrobaena veneta earthworm on Candida albicans cells was characterized. The compound destroyed fungal cells without showing cytotoxicity to human skin fibroblasts, which was demonstrated in earlier studies. Since it had an effect on the fungal cell wall and membrane, this complex was compared with the known antifungal antibiotic fluconazole. Both preparations disturbed the division of yeast cells and resulted in the formation of aggregates and chains of unseparated cells, which was illustrated by staining with fluorochromes. Fluorescent staining of the cell wall with Calcofluor white facilitated comparison of the types of aggregates formed after the action of both substances. The analysis performed with the use of Congo red showed that Venetin-1 exposed deeper layers of the cell wall, whereas no such effect was visible after the use of fluconazole. The FTIR analysis confirmed changes in the mannoprotein layer of the cell wall after the application of the Venetin-1 complex. Staining with Rhodamine 123 and the use of flow cytometry allowed comparison of changes in the mitochondria. Significantly elongated mitochondria were observed after the Venetin-1 application, but not after the application of the classic antibiotic. Phase contrast microscopy revealed vacuole enlargement after the Venetin-1 application. The flow cytometry analysis of C. albicans cells treated with Venetin-1 and fluconazole showed that both substances caused a significant decrease in cell viability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical changes in Candida albicans cells treated with the Venetin-1 complex from earthworm coelomic fluid

Wójcik-Mieszawska

Lewtak

Sofińska-Chmiel

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Its properties and chemical character were described in earlier publications 49 – 52 . The nanoparticle has been shown to have anticancer 25 , 53 , antiaggregating 54 , and immunostimulating properties 55 . Importantly, it does not show endotoxicity and cytotoxicity to normal human cells 49 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autophagy of Candida albicans cells after the action of earthworm Venetin-1 nanoparticle with protease inhibitor activity

Wójcik-Mieszawska,

Lewtak,

Skwarek

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The present studies show the effect of the Venetin-1 protein-polysaccharide complex obtained from the coelomic fluid of the earthworm Dendrobaena veneta on Candida albicans cells. They are a continuation of research on the mechanisms of action, cellular targets, and modes of cell death. After the action of Venetin-1, a reduced survival rate of the yeast cells was noted. The cells were observed to be enlarged compared to the controls and deformed. In addition, an increase in the number of cells with clearly enlarged vacuoles was noted. The detected autophagy process was confirmed using differential interference contrast, fluorescence microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Autophagic vesicles were best visible after incubation of fungus cells with the Venetin-1 complex at a concentration of 50 and 100 µg mL−1. The changes in the vacuoles were accompanied by changes in the size of mitochondria, which is probably related to the previously documented oxidative stress. The aggregation properties of Venetin-1 were characterized. Based on the results of the zeta potential at the Venetin-1/KCl interface, the pHiep = 4 point was determined, i.e. the zeta potential becomes positive above pH = 4 and is negative below this value, which may affect the electrostatic interactions with other particles surrounding Venetin-1.

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Pharmacological effects of bioactive agents in earthworm extract: A comprehensive review

Zhu,

Deng,

Xie

et al. 2024

Anim Models and Exp Med

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This review compiles information from the literature on the chemical composition, pharmacological effects, and molecular mechanisms of earthworm extract (EE) and suggests possibilities for clinical translation of EE. We also consider future trends and concerns in this domain. We summarize the bioactive components of EE, including G‐90, lysenin, lumbrokinase, antimicrobial peptides, earthworm serine protease (ESP), and polyphenols, and detail the antitumor, antithrombotic, antiviral, antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, wound‐healing, antifibrotic, and hypoglycemic activities and mechanisms of action of EE based on existing in vitro and in vivo studies. We further propose the potential of EE for clinical translation in anticancer and lipid‐modifying therapies, and its promise as source of a novel agent for wound healing and resistance to antibiotic tolerance. The earthworm enzyme lumbrokinase embodies highly effective anticoagulant and thrombolytic properties and has the advantage of not causing bleeding phenomena due to hyperfibrinolysis. Its antifibrotic properties can reduce the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. The glycolipoprotein extract G‐90 can effectively scavenge reactive oxygen groups and protect cellular tissues from oxidative damage. Earthworms have evolved a well‐developed defense mechanism to fight against microbial infections, and the bioactive agents in EE have shown good antibacterial, fungal, and viral properties in in vitro and in vivo experiments and can alleviate inflammatory responses caused by infections, effectively reducing pain. Recent studies have also highlighted the role of EE in lowering blood glucose. EE shows high medicinal value and is expected to be a source of many bioactive compounds.

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Polysaccharide-protein complex from coelomic fluid of Dendrobaena veneta earthworm exerts a multi-pathway antiplatelet effect without coagulopathy and cytotoxicity

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Atypical changes in Candida albicans cells treated with the Venetin-1 complex from earthworm coelomic fluid

Atypical changes in Candida albicans cells treated with the Venetin-1 complex from earthworm coelomic fluid

Autophagy of Candida albicans cells after the action of earthworm Venetin-1 nanoparticle with protease inhibitor activity

Pharmacological effects of bioactive agents in earthworm extract: A comprehensive review

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