Polysaccharide from aerial part of Chuanminshen violaceum alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory response in aging mice through modulating intestinal microbiota

Abstract

Aging is a biological process of progressive deterioration of physiological functions, which poses a serious threat to individual health and a heavy burden on public health systems. As population aging continues, research into anti-aging drugs that prolong life and improve health is of particular importance. In this study, the polysaccharide from stems and leaves of Chuanminshen violaceum was obtained with water extraction and alcohol precipitation, and then separated and purified with DEAE anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration to obtain CVP-AP-I. We gavaged natural aging mice with CVP-AP-I and performed serum biochemical analysis, histological staining, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and ELISA kit assays to analyze inflammation and oxidative stress-related gene and protein expression in tissues, and 16SrRNA to analyze intestinal flora. We found that CVP-AP-I significantly improved oxidative stress and inflammatory responses of the intestine and liver, restored the intestinal immune barrier, and balanced the dysbiosis of intestinal flora. In addition, we revealed the potential mechanism behind CVP-AP-I to improve intestinal and liver function by regulating intestinal flora balance and repairing the intestinal immune barrier to regulate the intestinal-liver axis. Our results indicated that C. violaceum polysaccharides possessed favorable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and potentially anti-aging effects in vivo.

Supplementing probiotics during intermittent fasting proves more effective in restoring ileum and colon tissues in aged rats

“… 14 , 36 This heightened oxidative stress is implicated in intensifying inflammation and fostering protein modifications, subsequently leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species and promoting lymphatic infiltration, a phenomenon that aligns with our observed results. 8 , 37 Our findings reveal that both IF and SCD Probiotics effectively mitigated lymphatic infiltration in aged rats, indicating their inherent anti‐inflammatory attributes. 38 , 39 Moreover, our study detected an increase in mast cell densities and up regulated TNF‐α and COX‐2 expression in aged rats, elements that contribute to oxidative stress and inflammation.…”

The rejuvenating influence of young plasma on aged intestine

“…This phenomenon further propels protein modifications and cultivates environments conducive to lymphatic infiltration, a correlation that our results affirm. 31 , 32 Our study showed that the administration of young plasma to aged rats resulted in a decline in lymphatic infiltration density, 28 , 33 shedding light on its anti‐inflammatory potential. We further investigated changes in mast cell densities in the ileum and colon and the expression levels of inflammatory mediators such as TNF‐α and COX‐2.…”

Gut Microbiome Interactions with Oxidative Stress: Mechanisms and Consequences for Health

“…The accumulation of this information is important for determining the course of a more precise investigation. However, key concerns, such as the ways of interaction between the microbiome and OS, are not well addressed in many articles [ 36 , 61 , 96 , 97 ]. Although the aims of various types of research are finding correlations between the objects of study and changes in several systems in the organism, the authors quite rarely draw attention to the chemical characteristics or pharmacodynamics of the compound.…”

“…Another point that remains unclear is causation. Many compounds, including food supplements, could modulate oxidative balance and bacterial community [ 36 , 51 , 54 , 63 , 64 , 74 , 77 , 93 , 95 , 97 ]; however, these changes might be parallel processes or have a cause–effect relationship. The cause–effect relationships might be in two different directions and with different strengths.…”

“…The scientists suggested that intestinal flora mitigated OS and delayed aging through the gut–liver axis. They added that during aging, excess ROS led to OS, which caused intestine and liver damage, intestinal barrier damage, and microbiome disturbances [ 97 ]. The list of such compounds could be continued with taxifolin, which modulates intestinal flora and prevents OS and Bacillus coagulans XY2 [ 64 ].…”