Polysaccharide-Based Superporous, Superabsorbent, and Stimuli Responsive Hydrogel from Sweet Basil: A Novel Material for Sustained Drug Release

Abstract

This study is carried out on polysaccharide-based hydrogel extracted from the seeds of Ocimum basilicum L. for its evaluation as a superabsorbent and stimuli responsive biomaterial for sustained release drug delivery system. O. basilicum (Syn: Basil) seed hydrogel (BSH) expressed high swelling capacity at pH 6.8 and 7.4 and deionized water. Highly reversible on-off switching (swellingdeswelling) behavior of BSH was ascertained in deionized water and ethanol, pH 7.4 and 1.2, and deionized water and normal saline. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of BSH has revealed macroporous structure of BSH having average pore size of 1.92 ± 3.83 m noted after swelling and lyophilization. BSH containing tablet formulations showed a sustained release pattern of diclofenac sodium (DS) which is dependent on the concentration of BSH. When comparing with commercially available formulation of DS, even better sustained release behavior of DS was observed in BSH-based formulation. Super case-II transport mechanism is followed by the DS release from BSH matrix tablet. Haemocompatibility studies of BSH were also performed and found it nonhaemolytic and nonthrombogenic. Recently, polysaccharide-based hydrogels have gained a lot of interest in drug delivery system due to their extraordinary swelling indices, stimuli responsive properties, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and nontoxicity [9][10][11][12][13].Ocimum basilicum L., (Syn: sweet basil in English, Babui tulsi in Hindi and Marathi, Rihan in Arabic, Niasabo in Gujrati, Jangli tulsi in Urdu, Tohrakhurasani in Persian, and Okimon in Unani) is a popular culinary and ornamental herb

A Comprehensive Review on Plant-Derived Mucilage: Characterization, Functional Properties, Applications, and Its Utilization for Nanocarrier Fabrication

“…Nanoparticulates have many benefits when compared to micro and macrocategorization in food and several other industries. The term nanohydrogel was first introduced to describe the cross-linking and networking of poly-anions [ 123 ]. They are used in several applications such as wound healing, drug delivery, vaccine delivery, the enhancement of film properties, and enzyme immobilization [ 124 , 125 ].…”

A stimuli-responsive, superporous and non-toxic smart hydrogel from seeds of mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris): stimuli responsive swelling/deswelling, intelligent drug delivery and enhanced aceclofenac bioavailability

“…AVH was characterized through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and solid-state CP/MAS 13 C NMR spectroscopy to conrm the polysaccharide nature of the isolated hydrogel. FTIR spectroscopy was performed on IR prestige-21 (Shimadzu, Japan) using the pellet method in which AVH was mixed with KBr and then compressed under hydraulic pressure to make a thin pellet.…”

Synthesis of bio‐based internal and external cross‐linkers based on tannic acid for preparation of antibacterial superabsorbents

“…Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are hydrophilic polymer networks that are slightly cross‐linked; therefore, they can absorb and retain a huge amount of water, even under pressure . These spectacular absorbency properties candidate SAPs to be employed in various applications, including hygienic products, agriculture, drug delivery systems, and wound dressing . High swelling rate and capacity, along with an acceptable strength of the swollen gel are of common desired features of SAPs .…”