Polypyrrole multilayer-laminated cellulose for large-scale repeatable mercury ion removal

Abstract

In this research, we report a polypyrrole (PPy) multilayer-laminated cellulose network aimed at the costeffective removal of aqueous potentially toxic metal ions with high adsorption efficiency and good adsorbent recyclability. The preparation of conformal adsorbent coatings on a fibrous cellulose network was accomplished by performing multiple cycles of simple dip-coating of a non-toxic oxidant and vapor-phase polymerization of PPy. The resultant PPy multilayer-deposited cellulose exhibited stable adhesion between the vapor-deposited PPy and the underlying cellulose support even in a strongly acidic solution. Using this non-hazardous hybrid adsorbent, mercury ions could be efficiently adsorbed over a large pH range with a maximum specific adsorption capacity of 31.689 mg g À1 , either in the form of a thick suspended adsorbent for large-scale decontamination or a thin dripper-type membrane for portable water purification. Furthermore, the PPy multilayer-laminated cotton fabric enabled the largescale repetitive removal of mercury ions (100 ppm, 1 liter) with efficiency above 91%. This study suggests that the PPy-cotton hybrid may serve as a large-scale, economical, and recyclable decontamination platform for efficient removal of highly potentially toxic metal ions (e.g., Hg(II) and Cr(VI)), which could be beneficial for water purification, particularly in resource-limited locations.Scheme 1 A schematic illustration of fabrication of PPy-cellulose hybrid materials. J. Mater. Chem. AThis journal is

Synergistic High‐Rate Solar Steaming and Mercury Removal with MoS2/C @ Polyurethane Composite Sponges

“…in either developing or industrialized nations has posed serious environmental and health threats . Particularly, mercury poisoning can cause Minamata disease, which can permanently impair brain functions of children and adults via direct contact or bioaccumulation . It is extremely desirable to remove mercury from aqueous resources effectively and facilely.…”

“…Therefore, conventional solar steamer techniques cannot remove mercury effectively, since the contaminant volatilizes along with the water steam. Amidst a variety of other water treatment technologies, chemical adsorption emerges as one of the most potential techniques to remove toxic mercury ions . Owing to the strong soft–soft interactions between mercury and sulfur, sulfur‐containing materials have demonstrated feasibility in mercury removal .…”

“…In particular, MoS 2 shows its potential in the purification of mercury‐polluted water, owing to its abundant sulfur atoms with their high mercury affinity . However, the necessity of the post‐treatment process in extraction of mercury‐enriched composites has greatly complicated the state‐of‐the‐art adsorption technique in water treatment …”

Polypyrrole-based Conducting and Antibacterial Hybrid Cellulose Membranes: A Study on the Effect of UV Exposure on the Conductivity and Formation of Silver Nanoparticles

“…We proposed a simple impregnation technique to polymerize a conjugated polymer (PPy) on a cellulose membrane. (28) First, the membrane was impregnated by dipping it in an aqueous solution of metal salt (FeCl 3 , as an oxidant), which was prepared by dissolving the metal salt in water, with different molar concentrations of oxidant (0.25, 0.5, and 1 M) for 1 h and then exposed to open air to dry under ambient conditions. Subsequently, all metal-salt containing cellulose membranes (deep yellow color) were exposed to pyrrole vapor.…”

Application of a Polypyrrole/Carboxy Methyl Cellulose Ion Imprinted Polymer in the Electrochemical Detection of Mercury in Water

“…Research has shown that polypyrrole has potential application in electronic conductors, optical switching devices, sensors, batteries, energy storage devices, supercapacitors, as adsorbents and as catalysts in electronic devices . Furthermore, application of polyrrole in the construction of molecularly imprinted polymers based sensors has been reported in the determination of caffeine , bisphenol A methimazole d‐penicillamine dopamine vitamin c theophylline . These electrochemical sensors displayed good selectivity and excellent electrochemical properties due to the tendency of polypyrrole to interact with analytes via hydrogen bonds and ion exchange systems.…”