Polypyrrole and Manganese Oxide Composite Materials with High Working Voltage and Excellent Cycling Stability

Abstract

In an aqueous mixture of manganese acetate, ammonium acetate and pyrrole, PPy and MnO2 composite materials (PPy‐MnO2) are synthesized by i‐t technology at 0.9 V vs. SCE. The influences of manganese acetate to pyrrole in the electro‐codeposition solution on morphologies and charge storage properties of the composite are discussed. PPy‐MnO2 composite materials as the electrode material exhibit a wide charge‐storage potential window of 1.2 V (between −0.3 and 0.9 V vs. SCE) and a high specific capacitance of 345.54 F g−1 at 2 mA cm−2. A symmetric flexible supercapacitor (PPy‐MnO2//PPy‐MnO2) is assembled by using PPy‐MnO2 composite electrodes. PPy‐MnO2//PPy‐MnO2 model supercapacitor displays almost 100% capacitance retention on the different bending angles. The energy density of 37.63 Wh kg−1 at the power density of 830 W kg−1 and an immense cyclic charge‐discharge stability, the specific capacitance is lost less than 3% after the 10,000 galvanostatic charge‐discharge cycles. The successful synthesis of high performance composite electrodes using electro‐codeposition method could open up new opportunities for high energy density supercapacitors.

Recent research progress of conductive polymer-based supercapacitor electrode materials

“…Therefore, MnO 2 can be combined with PPy to prepare electrode material to increase its conductivity and ion and electron exchange rate. 101 For example, Bai et al 102 synthesized three-dimensional MnO 2 /PPy electrodes on a functionalized carbon cloth (FCC) substrate simply and rapidly. The prepared MnO 2 /PPy electrode had a large specific surface area, which facilitated the effective contact between the reaction center on the electrode and the electrolyte to store the charge.…”

A Review of Carbon-Based Materials for Safe Lithium Metal Anodes

“…It is obvious that the interfacial resistance of the battery with the buffer layer was smaller and more stable, which indicates higher interfacial stability and better electrode-electrolyte contact. This excellent electrode wettability is advantageous for facilitating diffusion of the electrolyte into the inner space of the electrode, thus reducing the transfer resistance due to the reduced ion diffusion length during charge and discharge (Bai et al, 2018). Therefore, the better wettability of CNTs at the electrode surface and electrolyte interface can be observed through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).…”

Mulberry‐Like Core‐Shell Structured C@MnO2 as Electrode Material for Li–Ion Batteries and Pseudo‐Capacitors

“…However, developing new electrode materials to meet the ever‐increasing energy demands and economic need is still necessary. MnO 2 has high theoretical capacity for both these devices (Li ion batteries anode material: 1233 mAh g −1 ; pseudo‐capacitor electrode material: over 1100F g −1 ) and is also highly abundant, eco‐friendly, low cost and non‐toxic, which makes it one of the most attractive potential alternatives . However, like most of the oxide electrode, problems such as low capacity, poor rate performance and pulverization resulted from low intrinsic electronic conductivity (10 −5 ∼10 −6 S cm −1 ), hindering its application .…”

“…MnO 2 has high theoretical capacity for both these devices (Li ion batteries anode material: 1233 mAh g À 1 ; pseudo-capacitor electrode material: over 1100F g À 1 ) and is also highly abundant, eco-friendly, low cost and non-toxic, which makes it one of the most attractive potential alternatives. [3][4][5][6][7][8] However, like most of the oxide electrode, [9,10] problems such as low capacity, poor rate performance and pulverization resulted from low intrinsic electronic conductivity (10 À 5 ∼ 10 À 6 S cm À 1 ), [11] hindering its application. [12] Besides, rapid capacity decay due to huge volume change is also a problem as Li-ion batteries anode material.…”