Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein Is Involved in Regulation of Albumin Synthesis in Response to Food Intake

Kuwahata, Masashi; Kuramoto, Yasuko; Sawai, Yukiko; Amano, Saki; Tomoe, Yuka; Segawa, Hiroko; Tatsumi, Sawako; Ito, Mikiko; Kobayashi, Yukiko; Kido, Yasutoshi; Oka, Tatsuzo; Miyamoto, Ken‐ichi

doi:10.3177/jnsv.54.142

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…(17,20–22) Conversely, our previous study showed that phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 could be detected through mTOR signaling in the livers of rats fed freely. (23) To the best of our knowledge, the present results comprise the first reported evidence that continuous supplementation with BCAAs induced phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 in the livers of rats with chronic liver disease.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Effect of branched-chain amino acid supplementation on the oxidized/reduced state of plasma albumin in rats with chronic liver disease

Kuwahata

Kubota

Katsukawa

et al. 2011

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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We examined whether continuous supplementation with branched-chain amino acids phosphorylates ribosomal protein S6, a downstream effector of mammalian target of rapamycin, and improves hypoalbuminemia of rats with chronic liver disease. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a casein diet (control group) or a branched-chain amino acid-supplemented casein diet (branched-chain amino acid group) for 11 weeks with repeated injections of carbon tetrachloride. Throughout this experimental period, no significant difference in plasma albumin concentration was seen between groups. The percentage of reduced albumin within total plasma albumin gradually decreased in both control and branched-chain amino acid groups. After 11 weeks with supplementation, phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 was significantly increased in the liver of rats in the branched-chain amino acid group compared with the control group. Furthermore, the percentage of reduced albumin within total albumin was significantly higher in the branched-chain amino acid group than in the control group. These results indicate that continuous supplementation with branched-chain amino acids in rats with chronic liver disease induces phosphorylation of hepatic ribosomal protein S6 and attenuates decreases in the percentage of reduced albumin, although levels of plasma albumin are not increased.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Effect of branched-chain amino acid supplementation on the oxidized/reduced state of plasma albumin in rats with chronic liver disease

Kuwahata

Kubota

Katsukawa

et al. 2011

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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“…We concluded that the quantity of the added cystine was not suitable for mice, and their albumin synthesis in the liver was reduced. It is necessary in a future study to measure the albumin mRNA expression and other gene mRNA expressions which affect albumin synthesis in the liver (32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the Effects of Dietary Protein on the Sexual Organ Development of Male Mice and Rats Kept under Constant Darkness

Hanai

Esashi

2013

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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The photoperiod has a regulatory effect on the sexual development of mammals (1, 2). Whitsett et al. reported that the development of the sexual organs of male deer mice was accelerated by a long-day regimen and inhibited by a short-day or constant darkness regimen (3).Sunlight is one of the external factors that synchronize the circadian rhythm (an approx. 24-h rhythm) to the 24-h rhythm when the light-dark cycle is 24 h. If a mammal is kept under constant darkness, its biological functions will operate according its own biological clock; that is, a free-running rhythm will develop (4).We have been investigating the effects of various nutrients on sexual organ development in rats kept under constant darkness (5-12). The present study used a model in which the daily rhythm was free-running rather than a 24-h rhythm. We have a long-range plan to develop the model for use in further basic research and in experiments using other types of rhythm, to obtain data that will identify the most suitable nutritional requirements for human beings, who frequently do not live in accord with a 24-h cycle.Some of our results by a factor analysis method showed that the sexual organ development of rats kept under constant darkness was inhibited by a low-protein diet, and the inhibition of sexual organ development was diminished by a sulfur amino acid-additive diet (5, 7). All of these studies were performed on rats, not mice.Recently, research about the daily rhythm and circadian rhythm has revealed that the clock genes control the biological rhythm (13). Furthermore, it was reported that the clock genes participate in the onset of lifestylerelated disease (14). There are also reports that the composition of diet and the meal times influence clock gene expression in the mouse liver (15,16). These studies all involved experimenting with mice.Since we had conducted nutritional experiments using rats given the AIN-based diet (AIN-76, AIN-93G) (17), we wanted to determine whether the nutritional data obtained during the constant darkness experiments using rats could also be applied to mice.Based on our previous experimental results, the diet we tested in the present study was low in protein, with a 9% casein level to which sulfur amino acid, cystine, was added or not added. These diets were given to rats and mice kept under constant darkness. The amount cystine was adjusted to the 9% casein level to avoid amino acid imbalance. MethodsAnimals. Twenty-four CD-1 (ICR) male mice and 24 Fischer strain (F344) male rats (purchased from Charles River Japan, Inc., Yokohama, Japan, at 3 wk of age) were preliminarily maintained for 4 d on the AIN- Note Comparison of the Effects of Dietary Protein on the Sexual Organ Development of Male Mice and Rats Kept under Constant DarknessMiho Hanai* and Takatoshi Esashi † Department of Nutrition and Life Science, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan (Received May 7, 2013) Summary The purpose of this study was to determine whether the effects of dietary protein on sexual ...

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“…As mentioned previously, the albumin 3′-UTR contains an intron that improves mRNA processing. However, in addition to that, it also contains two pyrimidine-rich stretches known to bind PTB [58]. PTB is a ubiquitously expressed mRNA binding protein that serves as a common mediator of mRNA stability.…”

Section: Expression Cassette Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insulin Gene Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Unique Challenges Require Innovative Solutions

Handorf¹,

Sollinger²,

Alam³

2016

Modern Tools for Genetic Engineering

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Type diabetes mellitus T DM is a disease characterized by chronically elevated blood glucose levels that results from the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. While treatment options exist, they all possess serious limitations. Insulin gene therapy provides a promising alternative aimed at replacing insulin production in native non-cells. For insulin gene therapy applications to be successful in treating T DM, a glucose-sensitive organ must be targeted for insulin expression, insulin production must be responsive to ever-changing blood glucose levels, and insulin expression must persist long term. In addition, the amount of insulin production is critical, as too little insulin would lead to poor glucose regulation and too much insulin would induce hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening state. Together, insulin gene therapy provides challenges that are absent with other gene therapy applications. In this chapter, we examine the challenges of insulin gene therapy and discuss how the two key components of insulin gene therapy the insulin expression cassette and the delivery vehicle can be tailored for the successful treatment of T DM.

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Polypyrimidine Tract-Binding Protein Is Involved in Regulation of Albumin Synthesis in Response to Food Intake

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Effect of branched-chain amino acid supplementation on the oxidized/reduced state of plasma albumin in rats with chronic liver disease

Effect of branched-chain amino acid supplementation on the oxidized/reduced state of plasma albumin in rats with chronic liver disease

Comparison of the Effects of Dietary Protein on the Sexual Organ Development of Male Mice and Rats Kept under Constant Darkness

Insulin Gene Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Unique Challenges Require Innovative Solutions

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