Polypyridyl Ru(ii) or cyclometalated Ir(iii) functionalized architectures for photocatalysis

Abstract

The strategies of integrating the well-known photocatalysts Ru(N^N)3 and Ir(C^N)2(X^N) derivatives into the cavities of well-defined architectures and their photocatalytic properties are presented in this review.

Heterometallic cages: synthesis and applications

“…While a wide range of metal ion combinations have been exploited to synthesise these types of heterometallic MSAs, ruthenium( ii ) and palladium( ii ) containing systems 66,136–139 are a particularly well studied sub-class of compound for two reasons (1) the inert nature of the Ru( ii ) metalloligands means that they can be readily synthesised and purified and (2) they often display interesting photophysical/chemical properties. 140–142 One elegant example of this is the stepwise synthesis of a Ru( ii )/Pd( ii ) heterometallic cage displaying a rare rhombododechahedral shape from the Su group. 113 As illustrated in Scheme 14, the synthesis began with the construction of a bulky triangular Ru( ii ) metallo–ligand, which when exposed to naked Pd( ii ) metal cations formed the thermodynamically favoured Pd 6 (Ru L17 3 ) 8 cage.…”

Ultrasensitive Eu-Based MOF Luminescence Sensor for Clenbuterol Visible Recognition

“…Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as crystalline functional materials assembled by metal ions and organic ligands have aroused widespread concern among scientists due to their adjustable structures, , promising properties, and diversified functions, including but not limited to magnetism, gas separation/absorption, chemical sensing, heterogeneous catalysis, etc. , Especially for luminescence detection, lanthanide-based organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) as probes have always been popular in the optical field for contaminant recognition on the base of the long luminescence lifetime, high color purity, and large stokes’ shifts deriving from the f–f transitions by an “antenna effect.” − To date, several MOFs have been reported for removing CLB, while very few can be applied to CLB luminescence sensing. − For example, the Li group employed a classical Zr-based MOF (UiO-66 material) as a CLB luminescence probe, presenting a detection limit of 0.17 μM . To the best of our knowledge, there is no report about an Ln-MOF luminescence sensor of CLB.…”

Photocatalytic CO2 reduction to methanol integrated with the oxidative coupling of thiols for S–X (X = S, C) bond formation over an Fe3O4/BiVO4 composite

“…9 Photocatalytic materials used for this process include semiconductors (for example, metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, heterojunctions and organic semiconductors); molecular complexes of transition metals (such as Ru, Ir, Re, Ni, and Fe) have been reported to drive multi-electron CO 2 reduction via H 2 O as the proton and electron donor. [10][11][12] However the kinetically sluggish oxidation half-reaction (2H 2 O/ 4e − + 4H + + O 2 ) in most of the known systems resulted in low activity and poor durability. To achieve efficient CO 2 reduction in these systems, sacricial electron donors (e.g., ascorbic acid, triethanolamine (TEOA), and triethylamine) are required to serve as hole scavengers; this approach limits the overall economic viability.…”