Polypropylene cellulose‐based composites: The effect of bagasse reinforcement and polybutadiene isocyanate treatment on the mechanical properties

Ashori, Alireza; Nourbakhsh, Amir

doi:10.1002/app.29189

Cited by 39 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The water absorption into wood plastic composites increases in fiber content level due to wood fiber in composites is exposed into pores . It should be reported that the polymer matrix used by different researchers is exactly the same …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of alkali treatment on composites made from recycled polyethylene and chestnut cupula

2019

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The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of alkali treatment on the mechanical, physical properties of cupula fibers reinforced recycled high density polyethylene (r-HDPE) composites. The composites were produced with different chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) cupula fiber contents, up to 50%, and polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride. The mechanical, physical, thermal, and morphological properties of the treated and untreated samples were investigated. In addition, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to observe the interactions and functional groups between cupula fiber and r-HDPE in the composite samples. The alkali treatment with 5 wt% NaOH solution had an affirmative effect on the tensile and flexural properties. It was found that an increase of 20% in flexural strength values with up to 40 wt% alkali treated cupula fiber loading in polymer matrix compared to that of untreated samples. After 5 wt% NaOH treatment, the crystallinity decreased with the increase of the chestnut cupula fiber ratio. As excepted, the FTIR analysis showed that the alkali treatment resulted in removal of hemicellulose, and lignin from cupula fiber.The results revealed that the alkali treated chestnut cupula fiber can be used successfully in polymer composites as a natural fiber filler. K E Y W O R D Scomposites, FT-IR, mechanical properties, polyethylene (PE), waste

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of alkali treatment on composites made from recycled polyethylene and chestnut cupula

2019

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“…3. The reduced impact strength with increasing cellulose fiber loading is caused by the formation of crack propagation at the interfacial regions and increased modulus that can hinder the polymer mobility [27]. Figure 3 also showed that compatibilizers had an adverse effect on impact strengths of blends which was attributed to low MA graft (%) of Polybond 3150 and Fusabond P613.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Structure and properties of compatibilized recycled polypropylene/recycled polyamide 12 blends with cellulose fibers addition

2017

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This research was aimed to develop engineering thermoplastic composites based on recycled plastics and cellulose fibers in order to provide eco‐friendly sustainable parts that meet certain requirements for automotive industry and to use recycled plastics for economic benefits. The composite networks were prepared using recycled PP, recycled PA12, two different maleic anhydride functionalized polypropylenes (PP‐g‐MA) and cellulose fiber. The loading of cellulose fibers was varied between 5 and 20 wt%. Based on the results of mechanical tests a substantial improvement was detected in terms of tensile and flexural modulus which showed that cellulose fibers could be used for reinforcing of stiffness of recycled polymer blends. It was also noticed that using PP‐g‐MA type of compatibilizers played an important role on the mechanical characteristics of polymer blends. The incorporation of cellulose into the compatibilized PP/PA12 blends resulted in higher storage modulus and shear viscosities than those of neat PP, PA12, and PP/PA12 blends at low frequencies and shear rates, respectively. Phase morphology of polymer blends and cellulose fibers‐filled composites became more fine, uniform, and stable with addition of PP‐g‐MA. Fourier transform infra‐red (FTIR) was used to confirm the interaction observed. It is obvious that cellulose reinforced, compatibilized recycled polymer blends can be a good alternative where better mechanical properties under high temperature are required in the automotive industry. This opportunity will help to reduce the cost and the effects of environmental issues. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:3556–3563, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…The by far most important group among these CAs, judged by the abundance in the literature, are polymers with grafted maleic anhydride (MA) groups. In 41 studies included in this overview, the effect of such MA‐CAs on material properties of NFCs or WPCs is investigated 17, 22–26, 29, 32, 40, 43, 45, 48, 54, 61, 71, 77, 95, 97, 98, 100–123. Most of the functionalized polymers reported on in these works are MA‐POs.…”

Section: Matrix‐based Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other chemicals that have been tested for applicability as coupling agents in polyolefinic NFCs or WPCs are a silane,48 maleic anhydride,48, 87 and various isocyanate‐functionalized polymers, like polymethylene (polyphenyl isocyanate) (PMPPIC),115, 125 polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (PMDI),29, 96 and polybutadiene isocyanate (PBNCO) 114, 118. Furthermore, investigations on stearic acid,96, 101 and a so‐called titanium CA108 are reported on in the literature.…”

Section: Matrix‐based Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyolefin composites with natural fibers and wood‐modification of the fiber/filler–matrix interaction

Sobczak

Brüggemann

Putz

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

141

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Numerous strategies to improve the fiber-matrix interaction in natural fiber composites (NFCs) and wood polymer composites (WPCs) have been proposed and investigated. We have reviewed literature on polyolefin-based NFCs and WPCs to get an overview of the current state of the art of compatibilization methods. Those are classified in two categories here, namely fiber-based strategies and matrix-based strategies. Although this issue has been covered by several reviews before, as yet no work exists that is focused on polyolefin-based NFCs and WPCs. Furthermore, a ranking of the compatibilization methods based on their effects on material properties such as tensile/flexural strength and modulus, impact strength and water absorption, allows for an assessment of the efficiency of the various methods. As to the fiber-based strategies, silanes, maleated polyolefins (MA-POs), mercerization and acetylation are most thoroughly investigated. Silanes are most effective judged by achievable material property improvements, allowing for increases in tensile and flexural strength of more than 100%. Among the matrix-based strategies, MA-POs and isocyanates are most prominent in the literature. The first class enables the more significant material improvements, with reported increases of tensile and flexural strength of 132% and 85%, respectively. While strengths can be enhanced by many compatibilization methods, moduli, and impact strength (notched in particular) are in most cases improved to a lesser degree or even reduced. Especially, the last point calls for further attention, because impact strength is still a weak point of NFCs and WPCs.

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Polypropylene cellulose‐based composites: The effect of bagasse reinforcement and polybutadiene isocyanate treatment on the mechanical properties

Cited by 39 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of alkali treatment on composites made from recycled polyethylene and chestnut cupula

Effect of alkali treatment on composites made from recycled polyethylene and chestnut cupula

Structure and properties of compatibilized recycled polypropylene/recycled polyamide 12 blends with cellulose fibers addition

Polyolefin composites with natural fibers and wood‐modification of the fiber/filler–matrix interaction

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