Polyploidy and Domestication: The Origin and Survival of Polyploids in Cytotype Mixtures

Zeven, A. C.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-3069-1_20

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Chromosome numbers are, of course, more valuable to plant germplasm management when they are highly polymorphic, as in the polyploid series in wheats and potatoes (Zeven 1980), rather than highly conserved or relatively invariant as in Lycopersicon Mill. (Rick 1979).…”

Section: B Genetic Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Markers and Plant Genetic Resource Management

Bretting

Widrlechner

1995

Plant Breeding Reviews

137

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Section: B Genetic Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Markers and Plant Genetic Resource Management

Bretting

Widrlechner

1995

Plant Breeding Reviews

137

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Genome composition of the genus Cynodon is largely unknown. It is considered an autoploid (Zeven 1979). Intra-and inter-ploidy level crosses, except for those involving most triploid parents, can produce viable seeds (Taliaferro 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyploidy creates higher diversity among Cynodon accessions as assessed by molecular markers

et al. 2009

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“…3). Induced polyploids have low fertility because of meiotic abnormalities (Lewis 1980;Levin 1983), allelopathic action (Zeven 1980), or unbalanced disjunction of univalents in meiosis (Callaway, Callaway 2000).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Th ese are important traits for aesthetic quality in pansy cultivars (Horn 1956;Bailey 1998). Th e most widespread eff ect of polyploidy is an increase in cell size, leading to a general vigour eff ect especially in fl owers and seeds (Stebbins 1971;Lewis 1980;Levin 1983), and making the plants attractive for production of food, forage and fl owers (Lewis 1980;Zeven 1980;Uhlík et al, 1981).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Utilization of polyploidy, either autopolyploidy from induced mutagenesis or allo-polyploidy from spontaneous or artifi cial interspecifi c hybridization, is a useful breeding method for creating new ornamental genotypes with desirable phenotypic traits such as plant vigour, compactness, larger fl owers, novel fl ower colours, tolerance to pathogens and environmental stress (Dewey 1980;Lewis 1980;Zeven 1980;Levin 1983;Schum 2003).…”

Section: Eff Ect Of Polyploidy and Pollination Methods On Capsule Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of polyploidy and pollination methods on capsule and seed set of pansies (Viola × wittrockiana Gams)

Dalbato

Kobza

2013

Hort. Sci. (Prague)

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Dalbato A.L., Kobza F., Karlsson L.M., 2013. Eff ect of polyploidy and pollination methods on capsule and seed set of pansies (Viola × wittrockiana Gams). Hort. Sci. (Prague), 40: 22-30.Pansy, Viola × wittrockiana, is a popular ornamental plant. Eff ects of polyploidy on phenotype and four pollination methods on capsule and seed set were studied using ten octoploid (2n = 8x) and two hexadecaploid (2n = 16x) genotypes, originating from induced mutagenesis. Principal component analysis, using 19 phenotypic, phenological and physiological characteristics, revealed that hexadecaploids showed larger diff erences to the corresponding standard cultivars than octoploids. Number of seed per capsule was similar among genotypes. Capsule set with open pollination was 32-64 %, with self-pollination by hand 18-49% and with cross-pollination by hand 14-43%, while no plant successfully set capsules with seeds under isolators if not pollinated manually. Th us, Viola × wittrockiana is self-compatible but requires an agent-mediation for successful pollination. Th e induced phenotypes were found stable over four generations. Hexadecaploids had more attractive phenotypes but fewer seeds than octoploids. However, variation in seed set enabled selection of plants with high fertility, and average seed set increased over generations. Th us, new varieties, fulfi lling aesthetic criteria as well as economic and agronomic traits, can be bred from induced mutagenesis. Pansies (Viola × wittrockiana Gams) are popular bedding plants. Whilst perennial by nature they are usually grown as an annual or biennial in garden beds, pots, borders, in hanging baskets or in landscapes (Horn 1996;Bailey 1998). Th ere is a seemingly unlimited need for new varieties. Th e planned pansy breeding through purposeful hybridization began in 1862 (Horn 1956). Breeding goals focused on selecting plants for unusual fl ower colours and increased fl ower size from the initial cross made between the small fl owered heartsease (V. tricolor L.) and yellow large fl owered V. lutea Huds. (Wittrock 1895). Hybridization between an alpine perennial, V. cornuta L., and V. altaica (Ker-Gwal) Pall. -a perennial with large and varied fl ower colours gave hundreds of pansy cultivars (Wittrock 1895;Horn 1956). Garden pansy (V. × wittrockiana Gams) is an octoploid (n = 6, 8x = 48) which is thought to be derived from cross combinations among V. tricolor (2n = 26), V. lutea (2n = 48), V. cornuta (2n = 22) and V. altaica (Clausen 1927;Horn 1956;Yockteng et al. 2003). Garden pansy is larger than its ancestors in plant height and fl ower size (Wittrock 1895).

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Polyploidy and Domestication: The Origin and Survival of Polyploids in Cytotype Mixtures

Cited by 29 publications

References 41 publications

Genetic Markers and Plant Genetic Resource Management

Genetic Markers and Plant Genetic Resource Management

Polyploidy creates higher diversity among Cynodon accessions as assessed by molecular markers

Effect of polyploidy and pollination methods on capsule and seed set of pansies (Viola × wittrockiana Gams)

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