Polyploids as a “model system” for the study of heterosis

Washburn, Jacob D.; Birchler, James A.

doi:10.1007/s00497-013-0237-4

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Many studies have used diploids such as maize and rice to decipher the possible molecular basis for heterosis. More recently, polyploid systems that allow experiments not possible in diploids have emerged as model systems to study heterosis (Washburn and Birchler, 2014).…”

Section: Discussion Allohexaploid Wheat As a Model For Heterosis Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNA and Small RNA Transcriptomes Reveal Insights into Dynamic Homoeolog Regulation of Allopolyploid Heterosis in Nascent Hexaploid Wheat

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussion Allohexaploid Wheat As a Model For Heterosis Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNA and Small RNA Transcriptomes Reveal Insights into Dynamic Homoeolog Regulation of Allopolyploid Heterosis in Nascent Hexaploid Wheat

et al. 2014

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“…Recently, polyploid systems have allowed experiments that were not possible in diploids, (Washburn and Birchler 2014). For example, triploid hybrids of maize were used to examine the effects of genome dosage on heterosis (Yao et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussion Allotriploid Populus Populations Driven By 2n Gammentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic changes following synthesis of a Populus full-sib diploid and allotriploid population with different heterozygosities driven by three types of 2n female gamete

et al. 2015

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Diploid gametes are usually applied to produce triploids of Populus [originating from first-division restitution (FDR), second-division restitution (SDR), and postmeiotic restitution (PMR) 2n eggs]. Three types of 2n gametes transmitted different parental heterozygosities in Populus. Failed spindle formation and no chromosomal separation to opposite poles during meiosis I mean that FDR 2n gametes carry nonsister chromatids that are potentially heterozygous. By contrast, SDR 2n gametes result from failed sister chromatid separation in meiosis II, and therefore, they carry sister chromatid that are potentially homozygous. Completely homozygous 2n gametes can arise from the PMR mechanism. The alteration of gene expression resulting from allopolyploidization is a prominent feature in plants. We compared gene expression in the full-sib progeny of three allotriploid Populus populations (triploid-F, triploid-S, and triploid-P) with that in its parent species, and their full-sib diploid F1 hybrid. Genome-wide expression level dominance was biased toward the maternal in the diploid F1 hybrid and three allotriploid populations, whereas our data indicated important, but different, effects of the transmission of different heterozygosity by 2n female gametes in the expression patterns of allopolyploids. Because of the higher level of heterozygosity, the triploids had higher rates of non-additive and transgressive expression patterns in the triploid-F than in triploid-S and triploid-P. Compared with diploid F1, about 30-fold more genes (251) were differently expressed in the triploid-F than in the triploid-S (9) and triploid-P (8), respectively. These findings indicate that hybridization and polyploidization have immediate and distinct effects on the large-scale patterns of gene expression, and different effects on the transmission of heterozygosity by three 2n female gametes.

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“…In allopolyploids, heterozygosity and intergenomic interactions generally result in plants that grow more vigorously and have better yield potential than their parents. Due to the general importance of understanding polyploidy inheritance and variation mechanisms, recent studies have focused on transcriptomic changes in polyploids using several model systems (e.g., Arabidopsis, cotton, Brassica, rice and wheat) since the importance of different mechanisms may vary among species [40][41][42][43][44]. Thus, investigations of additional taxa might be enlightening, particularly in woody plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Differences between High-Growth Populus Allotriploids and Their Diploid Parents

Cheng

Zhu

Liao

et al. 2015

Forests

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Polyploid breeding is important in Populus genetic improvement programs because polyploid trees generally display increased height growth compared to their diploid parents. However, the genetic mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unknown. In the present study, apical bud transcriptomes of vigorous, fast growing Populus allotriploid progeny genotypes and their diploid parents were sequenced and analyzed. We found that these allotriploids exhibited extensive transcriptomic diversity. In total, 6020 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found when the allotriploid progeny and their parents were compared, among which 791 overlapped between the allotriploids and both parents. Many genes associated with cell differentiation and meristem development were preferentially expressed in apical buds of the fast growing Populus allotriploids compared to their diploid parents. In addition, many auxin-, gibberellin-, and jasmonic acid-related genes were also preferentially expressed in the allotriploids compared to their OPEN ACCESSForests 2015, 6 840 parents. Our findings show that allotriploidy can have considerable effects on duplicate gene expression in Populus. In particular we identified and considered DEGs that provide important clues for improving our mechanistic understanding of positive heterosis of vigor-and growth-related traits in Populus allotriploids.

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Polyploids as a “model system” for the study of heterosis

Cited by 41 publications

References 35 publications

mRNA and Small RNA Transcriptomes Reveal Insights into Dynamic Homoeolog Regulation of Allopolyploid Heterosis in Nascent Hexaploid Wheat

mRNA and Small RNA Transcriptomes Reveal Insights into Dynamic Homoeolog Regulation of Allopolyploid Heterosis in Nascent Hexaploid Wheat

Transcriptomic changes following synthesis of a Populus full-sib diploid and allotriploid population with different heterozygosities driven by three types of 2n female gamete

Gene Expression Differences between High-Growth Populus Allotriploids and Their Diploid Parents

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