Polyploid species rely on vegetative reproduction more than diploids: a re-examination of the old hypothesis

Herben, Tomáš; Suda, Jan; Klimešová, Jitka

doi:10.1093/aob/mcx009

Cited by 81 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Clearly this was a difficult time to be alive on planet Earth. Nevertheless, in times of severe environmental stress the increased genomic plasticity of polyploids (te Beest et al, 2011) coupled with their propensity to vegetatively propagate (Herben et al, 2017), as well as reduced competition from severely-stressed or dying diploids may have contributed to their success.…”

Section: Polyploidy Occurs In Animals Plants and Fungi With The Ancmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This leads to poor resolution of QTL positions when compared to the more popular diploid inbred populations like RILs etc., as well as the fact that populations must be vegetatively propagated if replication over years or different growing environments is desired. For many polyploid species, vegetative propagation is indeed possible (Herben et al, 2017) and F1 populations have the added advantage of being relatively quick and simple to develop, while, because of a generally high level of heterozygosity, many loci will be segregating in the F1. Therefore despite their drawbacks, F1 populations remain the bi-parental population of choice for mapping studies.…”

Section: Qtl Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many theories to explain their prevalence among crop species have been proposed, identifying features which may have appealed to early farmers in their domestication of wild species. Such features include their larger organs such as tubers, fruits or flowers (the so-called "gigas" effect) (Sattler et al, 2016), increased heterosis (Comai, 2005), their genomic plasticity (te Beest et al, 2011), phenotypic novelty (Udall and Wendel, 2006), their ability to be clonally propagated (Herben et al, 2017), increased seedling and juvenile vigour (Levin, 1983), the masking of deleterious alleles (Renny-Byfield and Wendel, 2014) or the possibility of seedlessness which accompanies aneuploidy (Bradshaw, 2016). It is currently believed that all flowering plants have experienced at least one whole genome duplication (WGD) during the course of their evolution, with many lineages undergoing multiple rounds of WGD followed by re-diploidisation (Vanneste et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic mapping in polyploids

Bourke¹

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Section: Polyploidy Occurs In Animals Plants and Fungi With The Ancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qtl Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic mapping in polyploids

Bourke¹

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“…It has long been recognized that asexual reproduction (vegetative propagation and agamospermy) and WGD are correlated, with polyploids displaying elevated rates of asexual propagation compared to diploid relatives (Manning and Dickson, 1986;Schinkel et al, 2016;Herben et al, 2017). Such a reproductive strategy may even confer short-term benefits.…”

Section: The Short-term Challenges Meiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The “Polyploid Hop”: Shifting Challenges and Opportunities Over the Evolutionary Lifespan of Genome Duplications

et al. 2018

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The duplication of an entire genome is no small affair. Whole genome duplication (WGD) is a dramatic mutation with long-lasting effects, yet it occurs repeatedly in all eukaryotic kingdoms. Plants are particularly rich in documented WGDs, with recent and ancient polyploidization events in all major extant lineages. However, challenges immediately following WGD, such as the maintenance of stable chromosome segregation or detrimental ecological interactions with diploid progenitors, commonly do not permit establishment of nascent polyploids. Despite these immediate issues some lineages nevertheless persist and thrive. In fact, ecological modeling commonly supports patterns of adaptive niche differentiation in polyploids, with young polyploids often invading new niches and leaving their diploid progenitors behind. In line with these observations of polyploid evolutionary success, recent work documents instant physiological consequences of WGD associated with increased dehydration stress tolerance in first-generation autotetraploids. Furthermore, population genetic theory predicts both short-and long-term benefits of polyploidy and new empirical data suggests that established polyploids may act as "sponges" accumulating adaptive allelic diversity. In addition to their increased genetic variability, introgression with other tetraploid lineages, diploid progenitors, or even other species, further increases the available pool of genetic variants to polyploids. Despite this, the evolutionary advantages of polyploidy are still questioned, and the debate over the idea of polyploidy as an evolutionary dead-end carries on. Here we broadly synthesize the newest empirical data moving this debate forward. Altogether, evidence suggests that if early barriers are overcome, WGD can offer instantaneous fitness advantages opening the way to a transformed fitness landscape by sampling a higher diversity of alleles, including some already preadapted to their local environment. This occurs in the context of intragenomic, population genomic, and physiological modifications that can, on occasion, offer an evolutionary edge. Yet in the long run, early advantages can turn into long-term hindrances, and without ecological drivers such as novel ecological niche availability or agricultural propagation, a restabilization of the genome via diploidization will begin the cycle anew.

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“…Багато поліплоїдних рас є серед культурних рослин [10,16]. Внаслідок зростання плоїдності вид підвищує свої адаптивні можливості, пристосовується до нових екологічних умов [17,18].…”

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Identification of putative origin of Iris pumila L. karyotype

Twardovska¹,

Андреев²,

Кунах³

2019

Fakt. eksp. evol. org.

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Aim. The study was aimed at cytogenetic analysis of Iris pumila, I. attica, and I. pseudopumila, comparative study of the karyotypes of these species, as well as identification of putative origin of I. pumila karyotype. Methods. Cytogenetic analysis of root apical meristem, determination of chromosome number in mitotic metaphase plates, anaphase analysis. Results. The chromosome numbers observed were 2n=32 for I. pumila plants from different localities in Ukraine and 2n=16 for I. attica and I. pseudopumila plants from Greece and Italy, respectively. Some of the plants were mixoploids, the smallest proportion of mixoploids was in I. pseudopumila (10.9%) and the largest in I.pumila from all studied populations (60-80%). Anaphase analysis showed the presence of chromosomal aberrations in 2.6% of cells in roots of I. pseudopumila seedlings. The highest level of structural chromosomal aberrations (9.2%) was found in root apical meristem cells of I. pumila seedlings. Conclusions. The chromosome number was established as 2n=32 for I.pumila plants and 2n=16 for I. attica and I. pseudopumila plants. The high level of mixoploidy (60–80% of mixoploid plants) and anaphase chromosomal aberrations (up to 9.2%) was found in apical meristem of I. pumila seedlings. The amphidipiloid nature of I. pumila was established; the karyotype of the species could be formed as a result of a combination of chromosome sets from hypothetical ancestral species I. attica and I. pseudopumila. Keywords: Iris pumila L., Iris attica Boiss. & Heldr., Iris pseudopumila Tineo, chromosome number, amphidiploid, mixoploidy.

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Polyploid species rely on vegetative reproduction more than diploids: a re-examination of the old hypothesis

Cited by 81 publications

References 49 publications

Genetic mapping in polyploids

Genetic mapping in polyploids

The “Polyploid Hop”: Shifting Challenges and Opportunities Over the Evolutionary Lifespan of Genome Duplications

Identification of putative origin of Iris pumila L. karyotype

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