Polyphenols’ Cardioprotective Potential: Review of Rat Fibroblasts as Well as Rat and Human Cardiomyocyte Cell Lines Research

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases are responsible for 31% of global deaths. A reduction in mortality can be achieved by promoting a healthy lifestyle, developing prevention strategies, and developing new therapies. Polyphenols are present in food and drinks such as tea, cocoa, fruits, berries, and vegetables. These compounds have strong antioxidative properties, which might have a cardioprotective effect. The aim of this paper is to examine the potential of polyphenols in cardioprotective use based on in vitro human and rat cardiomyocytes as well as fibroblast research. Based on the papers discussed in this review, polyphenols have the potential for cardioprotective use due to their multilevel points of action which include, among others, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antithrombotic, and vasodilatory. Polyphenols may have potential use in new and effective preventions or therapies for cardiovascular diseases, yet more clinical studies are needed.

Olive Polyphenols: Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

“…An important feature of the MD is the daily consumption of a vast array of phytonutrients including vitamins and plant phenols, which provides its similarities with the Asian diet. In particular, plant polyphenols interfere with multiple signaling pathways involved in protein homeostasis, in the inflammatory response, and in the regulation of both metabolism and the antioxidant defenses [4][5][6], often recalling a caloric restriction (CR) regimen positively affecting, among others, whole body metabolism, mitochondrial turnover, oxidative stress and the inflammatory and neuroinflammatory response, where autophagy plays an important role [7,8]. Polyphenols can reach these effects by counteracting, at the molecular level, signaling pathways responsible for the cascade reactions involved in aging [9,10].…”

Mitochondrial Damage in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Application of Natural Plant Products

“…They are generally classified as flavonoids (flavonols, flavanols, flavones, and anthocyanins) and nonflavonoids (phenolic acids, lignans, stilbenes, and tannins) based on the number of phenolic rings and the structural components that bind these rings together in the structure [ 124 , 125 ]. A wide-ranging medical benefits of polyphenols have now been disclosed, including heart protection [ 126 , 127 ], anticancer [ 128 ], antioxidant [ 129 ], anti-inflammatory [ 130 ], and antibacterial activities [ 131 ]. Polyphenols are reported to play a strong cardioprotective role by regulating oxidative stress response or related signal pathways, especially the antioxidant effect against mitochondrial damage ( Table 1 ).…”

Natural Flavonoids Derived From Fruits Are Potential Agents Against Atherosclerosis

“…Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a kind of disease with extremely high morbidity and mortality. According to relevant investigations, CVD deaths accounted for about 31% of global deaths in 2016, among which atherosclerosis is the main cause of CVD ( 1 ). Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease, mostly affecting adults and the elderly.…”