Polyphenols as regulators of plant-litter-soil interactions in northern California’s pygmy forest: A positive feedback?

Northup, Robert R.; Dahlgren, Randy A.; McColl, J. G.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2691-7_10

Cited by 142 publications

(233 citation statements)

References 128 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

223

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The plants were not affected by the different concentrations of phenolics in the two shrub litter types they were growing on. Northup et al (1995Northup et al ( , 1998 argued that plant species with high concentrations of secondary plant metabolites could absorb larger fractions of the organic nitrogen pool than species with lower concentrations, allowing such species to outcompete species less able to absorb organic nitrogen. If this were so, C. vulgaris plants should have been able to outgrow D. flexuosa plants on their own Calluna litter, which is rich in phenolics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tannins from degrading litter can react with protein sources in the soil to form complexes with proteins. It has been suggested (Northup et al 1995(Northup et al , 1998Inderjit and Mallik 1999;Kraus et al 2003) that these nitrogenrich complexes release inorganic nitrogen slowly and increase the production of dissolved organic nitrogen relative to that of NH 4 + and NO 3 − . As ericoid mycorrhizal fungi are able to degrade these complexes (Bending and Read 1997), dwarf shrubs colonized by these fungi are able to absorb more organic nitrogen compared to non-colonized plants (Smith and Read 1997;Sokolovski et al 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of litters with different concentrations of phenolics on the competition between Calluna vulgaris and Deschampsia flexuosa

Hofland-Zijlstra

Berendse

2009

Plant Soil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We hypothesized that the outcome of competition between ericaceous plants and grasses is strongly affected by the concentrations of phenolics in the litter that they produce. To test the effect of phenolic-rich litter on soluble soil nitrogen concentrations, plant nitrogen uptake and inter-specific competition, we conducted a greenhouse experiment with the shrub Calluna vulgaris and the grass Deschampsia flexuosa and their leaf litters. Two litters of C. vulgaris were used, with equal nitrogen concentration but different (high and low) concentrations of total phenolics. The D. flexuosa leaf litter contained lower concentrations of phenolics, but higher concentrations of nitrogen than the C. vulgaris litters. The plants were grown in monocultures and in mixed cultures. Inorganic and dissolved organic nitrogen were measured monthly during the experiment. After four months, we measured above-and belowground biomass and the nutrient concentrations in above-and belowground plant parts. In monocultures, C. vulgaris produced more shoot and root biomass on its own litter than with no litter. Growth of Calluna was reduced on grass litter. D. flexuosa plants produced most biomass on their own litter type, whether in monocultures or in mixed cultures. Addition of Calluna litter stimulated the growth of D. flexuosa both in monoculture and in mixtures. The grass plants outcompeted Calluna both on shrub litter and on grass litter but not when grown without litter. The two C. vulgaris litter types that differed in their concentration of phenolics did not differ in their effects on the competition between the two species or on the production of inorganic and dissolved organic nitrogen. We conclude that the nitrogen content of the litter is more important as a plant feature driving competition between shrubs and grasses than the concentrations of phenolics.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of litters with different concentrations of phenolics on the competition between Calluna vulgaris and Deschampsia flexuosa

Hofland-Zijlstra

Berendse

2009

Plant Soil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Concentrations of both nitrogen and phenolics (especially tannins) play important roles in litter decomposition and soil nutrient dynamics in forest soils (Schimel et al, 1996;Northup et al, 1998;Hä ttenschwiler and Vitousek, 2000;Kraus et al, 2003;Schweitzer et al 2004). In fact, an alternative hypothesis to the role of tannins as antiherbivore defenses posits that they may be adaptive in their capacity to regulate proximal nutrient cycling (Northup et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-Related Shifts in Leaf Chemistry of Clonal Aspen (Populus tremuloides)

et al. 2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Developmental changes in plant structure and function can influence both mammalian and arthropod feeding preferences for many woody plant species. This study documents age-related changes that occur in the leaf chemistry of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx., Salicaceae) and discusses implications for the herbivore community and ecosystem processes. We collected leaves from replicate ramets from six age classes (1-25+ yr) in each of seven aspen clones growing in south central Wisconsin, USA. Chemical analyses were conducted to determine concentrations of condensed tannins, phenolic glycosides (salicortin and tremulacin), nitrogen, starch, and soluble sugars. Each variable differed significantly among clones and among age classes. On average, condensed tannin concentrations doubled in the first five years and then remained fairly constant among older age classes. Combined phenolic glycoside (salicortin + tremulacin) concentrations were high in the youngest ramets (ca. 19%) and decreased sharply with age. Developmental changes in tannin, salicortin, and tremulacin concentrations exceeded those of nitrogen and carbohydrates. Developmental shifts of this magnitude, and the agerelated tradeoff that occurs between condensed tannins and phenolic glycosides, are likely to have significant influence on the herbivore community of aspen and may influence leaf litter decomposition and nutrient cycling.

show abstract

“…Tannins are often ignored in decomposition studies, although their ecosystem input from foliage, roots and bark is comparable to that of lignin (Preston et al 1997b;Northup et al 1998;Preston 1999;Lorenz et al 2000). The main contribution to this region is the anomeric carbon (C1) of carbohydrates, of which only the C1 of sucrose has no attached hydrogen.…”

Section: Dd and Dd-toss Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-13 solid-state NMR of soil organic matter - using the technique effectively

Preston¹

2001

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

112

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

).Preston, C. M. 2001. Carbon-13 solid-state NMR of soil organic matter -using the technique effectively. Can. J. Soil Sci. 81: 255-270. Solid-state 13 C CPMAS NMR offers many options for characterizing carbon in soil organic matter (SOM). Its effectiveness, however, is often limited by a poor understanding of the techniques, and lack of hands-on access and training opportunities for students. Of nearly 250 modern NMR systems in Canada, approximately one is genuinely available for SOM studies, and there is poor communication between NMR operators and SOM users. While quantitative reliability can be addressed to some extent by multiple contact-time experiments or single-pulse (Bloch decay) spectra, it is also important to consider the effects of spectrometer background, spinning sidebands (especially with higher magnetic fields) and processing operations such as linebroadening, phasing and baseline correction. In many studies, more consideration needs to be given to instrument specifications, the type of information needed, and whether sample fractionation or pretreatment should be used. Structural information can be greatly enhanced by dipolar-dephasing and sideband suppression sequences. Sequences based on relaxation differences can reveal pools of carbon with different structures. Data analysis can be enhanced by principal component analysis, spectrum deconvolution and difference spectra. Studies of xenobiotics and C metabolism can be greatly aided by 13 C-labeling. However, a key limitation to SOM applications remains the gap in culture and expectations of the users.Key words: Soil organic matter, 13 C CPMAS NMR, Bloch decay, dipolar dephasing, spinning sidebands Preston, C. M. 2001. Analyse de la matière organique du sol par RMN au 13 C électronique -de l'importance de bien utiliser la technique. Can. J. Soil Sci. 81: 255-270. La RMN CPMAS 13 C électronique permet de caractériser le carbone présent dans la matière organique du sol (MOS) de diverses manières. Il arrive souvent cependant que cette technique perde de son efficacité parce qu'on la connaît mal et parce que les étudiants n'ont pas eu la chance de l'examiner ou de l'expérimenter. Sur les 250 systèmes modernes de RMN existant au Canada, un seul, à peu près, est vraiment réservé à l'étude de la MOS; de plus, la communication passe mal entre les opérateurs de systèmes RMN et les utilisateurs de MOS. Bien qu'on puisse remédier dans une certaine mesure au problème de la fiabilité quantitative en multipliant les expériences sur la durée de contact ou en recourant au spectre obtenu après une seule impulsion (décroissance de Bloch), il ne faut pas négliger les effets de l'arrière-plan du spectromètre, de la rotation des bandes latérales (surtout quand le champ magnétique est puissant) et des opérations de traitement comme l'élargissement des lignes, la mise en phase et la correction de la ligne de base. Dans de nombreux cas, on devrait accorder plus d'attention aux paramètres de l'instrument, au genre de données requises et à la nécessité de fractionner et...

show abstract

Polyphenols as regulators of plant-litter-soil interactions in northern California’s pygmy forest: A positive feedback?

Cited by 142 publications

References 128 publications

Effects of litters with different concentrations of phenolics on the competition between Calluna vulgaris and Deschampsia flexuosa

Effects of litters with different concentrations of phenolics on the competition between Calluna vulgaris and Deschampsia flexuosa

Age-Related Shifts in Leaf Chemistry of Clonal Aspen (Populus tremuloides)

Carbon-13 solid-state NMR of soil organic matter - using the technique effectively

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About