Polyphenol‐Based Assembly Nanosystems as Multifunctional Biopharmaceutical Platform

Abstract

Polyphenolic compounds are a diverse collection of secondary metabolites. They are present in nature and have potential therapeutic and medical value due to their anti‐inflammatory, antibacterial, and antitumor activities, as well as antioxidant capacity. Moreover, polyphenolic compounds can bind to biological macromolecules (e.g., peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, etc.) through various interactions, including hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic interactions, π interactions, metal–ligand bonds, and covalent bonds, in the presence of catechol and gallol moieties. This endows polyphenols with strong adhesion and provides diverse approaches for designing and constructing biopharmaceutical platforms using multifunctional polyphenol components. Herein, a review of the synthesis and characteristics of polyphenol‐based bioactive assembly nanosystems by concentrating on the multi‐interactions between polyphenols and biomacromolecules is demonstrated. The polyphenol‐based bioactive assembly nanosystems exhibit remarkable versatility in a wide range of biological applications, including protein/antigen delivery, hemostasis, antimicrobial, gene therapy, and cell therapy. This may shed light on future developments in the field of bio‐based medicine.

Green Synthesis of Narrow-Size Silver Nanoparticles Using Ginkgo biloba Leaves: Condition Optimization, Characterization, and Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities

“…The hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups present in carbohydrates can prevent the aggregation of nanoparticles through intramolecular hydrogen bonding [22]. Through hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and covalent bonds, proteins can form protein-polyphenol complexes that protect proteins from hydrolysis and denaturation and stabilize NPs [23]. While Gb leaves only contain trace amounts of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and terpenoids may play a dominant role in AgNP synthesis, while proteins are essential for NP stabilization [24].…”

Structured soft particulate matters for delivery of bioactive compounds in foods and functioning in the colon

“…Polyphenols have mucoadhesive properties that are vital for probiotic delivery in the colon. 158 Individual cells of E. coli Nissle 1917, 131,159 Bacterioides thetaiotaomicron , 160 Bacillus subtilis , 161 and lactic acid bacteria 131 have been individually coated with ferric ions and tannic acid, gallic acid, or epigallocatechin gallate. The metal-phenolic network on cells improved the resistance against antibiotics in vitro and in vivo , stability during SGD and SID, and colonization in the colon mucus layer.…”

Recent Progress in Protein-Polyphenol Assemblies for Biomedical Applications

“…Natural polyphenols have appealing properties, including antioxidation, ultraviolet light absorption, coordination with metal ions, and, in particular, exceptional adherence owing to the existence of catechol and gallol moieties. In addition, they possess potential health benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, neuroprotective, and cardio-protective activities, providing a wide range of advanced biomedical applications. − In recent years, there has been a growing body of research on the potential application of polyphenols as supramolecular building blocks for engineered biomaterials in the biomedical field. − Notably, TA, whose chemical structure is depicted in Figure , is one of the most abundant polyphenols and has been widely used in biomedical-related fields. , …”