2016
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2016.5444
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Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis

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Cited by 393 publications
(311 citation statements)
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References 77 publications
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“…Prognostic tools for treatment stratification are crucial. Methotrexate (MTX) has been studied in PMR but evidence only allows individualized use in patients at risk of relapse, exposed to prolonged GC therapy, and experiencing GC-related adverse events (17). However, the effect of MTX is modest and RCTs of other synthetic DMARDs such as leflunomide are urgently needed.…”
Section: N the Need Of An Optimal Framework For The Development Of Efmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Prognostic tools for treatment stratification are crucial. Methotrexate (MTX) has been studied in PMR but evidence only allows individualized use in patients at risk of relapse, exposed to prolonged GC therapy, and experiencing GC-related adverse events (17). However, the effect of MTX is modest and RCTs of other synthetic DMARDs such as leflunomide are urgently needed.…”
Section: N the Need Of An Optimal Framework For The Development Of Efmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nuclear medicine studies such as positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) have been used. 9 Although cost and radiation limit its use in routine practice, PET can identify important differential diagnoses such as infection and malignancy, and characteristic features of polymyalgia rheumatica may also be seen.…”
Section: Articlementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Giant cell arteritis (GCA), or temporal arteritis, is a chronic vasculitis of large-and medium-sized vessels, that affects, almost exclusively, the elderly population, with mean age of presentation of 65 years or more. 36 Persistent headache, either unilateral or bilateral, with jaw claudication are hallmark symptoms, while patients may also present with fever and even acute vision loss. 36 Elevated inflammatory markers, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) or C-reactive protein (CRP), can be valuable tools in diagnosis, but negative values do not rule out GCA.…”
Section: Infectious/inflammatorymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…36 Persistent headache, either unilateral or bilateral, with jaw claudication are hallmark symptoms, while patients may also present with fever and even acute vision loss. 36 Elevated inflammatory markers, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) or C-reactive protein (CRP), can be valuable tools in diagnosis, but negative values do not rule out GCA. 35 Diagnosis may be aided by neuroimaging, either ultrasonography or MRI, and a temporal artery biopsy may also be done for a definitive diagnosis.…”
Section: Infectious/inflammatorymentioning
confidence: 99%