Polymorphisms in
            <i>Phytophthora infestans</i>
            : Four Mitochondrial Haplotypes Are Detected after PCR Amplification of DNA from Pure Cultures or from Host Lesions

Griffith, Gareth; Shaw, David

doi:10.1128/aem.64.10.4007-4014.1998

Cited by 184 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Currently, four mitochondrial haplotypes are described for P. infestans designated as Ia, Ib, IIa and IIb (Carter et al 1990;Griffith and Shaw 1998). 'Old' populations (US-1 genotype) contained a single clonal lineage (Goodwin et al 1994a) characterized by mtDNA type Ib, and 'new' populations are of Ia and IIa (Griffith and Shaw 1998). The present study showed that all isolates of P. infestans occurring in Karnataka state of India are of mtDNA Ia type.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

“…It has been reported that metalaxyl-resistant isolates have a higher degree of fitness than metalaxyl sensitive isolates (Kadish et al 1990;Goodwin et al 1992b;Koh et al 1994) and metalaxyl resistance is associated with more than one gene (Fabritius et al 1997). Currently, four mitochondrial haplotypes are described for P. infestans designated as Ia, Ib, IIa and IIb (Carter et al 1990;Griffith and Shaw 1998). 'Old' populations (US-1 genotype) contained a single clonal lineage (Goodwin et al 1994a) characterized by mtDNA type Ib, and 'new' populations are of Ia and IIa (Griffith and Shaw 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of 13_A2 Blue Lineage of Phytophthora infestans was Responsible for Severe Outbreaks of Late Blight on Tomato in South‐West India

Chowdappa

Kumar

Madhura

et al. 2012

Journal of Phytopathology

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Prior to 2007, late blight was not reported as a serious threat to tomato cultivation in India although the disease has been known on potato since 1953. During the July–December cropping season of 2009 and 2010, severe late blight epidemics were observed in Karnataka state of India, causing crop losses up to 100%. Nineteen Phytophthora isolates, recovered from late blight affected tomato tissues from different localities in Karnataka state between 2009 and 2010, were identified as Phytophthora infestans based on morphology, a similarity search of ITS sequences at GenBank and species‐specific PCR using PINF/ITS5 primer pair. The isolates were further assessed for metalaxyl sensitivity, mating type, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotype, DNA fingerprinting patterns based on simple sequence repeats (SSR) and RFLPs using the RG57 probe and aggressiveness on tomato. All isolates were metalaxyl resistant, A2 mating type, mtDNA haplotype Ia and had identical SSR and RG57 fingerprints and highly aggressive on tomato. The phenotypic and genotypic characters of isolates examined in this study were found to be similar to that of 13_A2 genotype of P. infestans population reported in Europe. Thus, appearance of new population similar to 13_A2 genotype was responsible for severe late blight epidemics on tomato in South‐West India.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of 13_A2 Blue Lineage of Phytophthora infestans was Responsible for Severe Outbreaks of Late Blight on Tomato in South‐West India

Chowdappa

Kumar

Madhura

et al. 2012

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…The objective of this research was to investigate the level of genetic diversity in Ugandan populations of P. infestans in order to shed light on the possible causes of the recent surge in late blight severity. The markers used in this study revealed homology between Ugandan isolates and the US-1 lineage, often associated with the A1 mating type (Griffith and Shaw, 1998), confirming the findings of Vega-Sa`nchez et al (2000) and Olanya et al (2001). The sample size analysed was however too diminutive to reflect the true diversity situation countrywide and only elucidates the clonal nature of the isolates, necessitating a more structured survey to reveal the factual population structure of P. infestans in the country.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Genetic Diversity of Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary in the Eastern and Western Highlands of Uganda

Ochwo¹,

Kamoun²,

Adipala³

et al. 2002

Journal of Phytopathology

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Eight isolates of Phytophthora infestans were recovered from late blight infected samples collected from the districts of Mbale and Mbarara in the Eastern and Western highlands of Uganda in 2001 and analysed using mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) haplotype and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Polymerase chain reaction amplification with the P2 primer followed by digestion with MspI yielded a three‐fragment pattern characteristic of isolates belonging to the US‐1 clonal lineage; the polymorphism was confirmed by DNA sequencing. AFLP analysis yielded 60 markers, analysis of which clustered the Ugandan isolates with reference to US‐1 isolates (US930258 and US940501). These results suggest that the examined Ugandan isolates belong to the US‐1 clonage lineage.

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“…Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes of isolates were determined by PCR-RFLP using the method of Griffith & Shaw (1998) as modified by Carlisle et al . (2001).…”

Section: Identification Of Mitochondrial Dna Haplotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Northern Ireland Phytophthora infestans population 1998–2002 characterized by genotypic and phenotypic markers

et al. 2006

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A total of 204 isolates of Phytophthora infestans from Northern Ireland, almost all from commercial potato crops, were collected over 5 years (1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002). Phenotypic diversity was assessed using mating type and metalaxyl resistance; genotypic diversity was assessed using two allozyme loci (glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, Gpi, and peptidase, Pep ), mitochondrial DNA haplotype and the multilocus RFLP probe RG57. All isolates were A1 mating type and Gpi 100/100 . The majority were Pep 100/100 , but four Pep 83/100 and six Pep 96/100 isolates were identified. Three mtDNA haplotypes were detected; haplotype IIa was the most common, but each year up to 2001 its frequency declined, with a concomitant increase in Ia isolates. Three isolates had the rare haplotype IIb, but this was only detected in 1998. Metalaxyl resistance and mtDNA haplotype were markedly associated: most haplotype Ia isolates were metalaxyl-resistant, whereas haplotype IIa was more commonly associated with metalaxyl sensitivity. Analysis of a subsample of 91 isolates revealed nine RG57 genotypes, three associated exclusively with haplotype IIa and six exclusively with haplotype Ia. The most common RG57 genotype (51% of isolates) comprised both metalaxyl-resistant and -sensitive haplotype IIa isolates. However, of haplotype Ia isolates, all metalaxyl-resistant phenotypes belonged to one of four RG57 types, one of which was the second most frequent overall (29% of isolates), while all metalaxyl-sensitive isolates belonged to one of two other types. The P. infestans population in Northern Ireland appears to consist of a limited number of clones related to, but differentiated from, the populations in mainland Britain and elsewhere in Europe.

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Polymorphisms in Phytophthora infestans : Four Mitochondrial Haplotypes Are Detected after PCR Amplification of DNA from Pure Cultures or from Host Lesions

Cited by 184 publications

References 31 publications

Emergence of 13_A2 Blue Lineage of Phytophthora infestans was Responsible for Severe Outbreaks of Late Blight on Tomato in South‐West India

Emergence of 13_A2 Blue Lineage of Phytophthora infestans was Responsible for Severe Outbreaks of Late Blight on Tomato in South‐West India

Genetic Diversity of Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary in the Eastern and Western Highlands of Uganda

The Northern Ireland Phytophthora infestans population 1998–2002 characterized by genotypic and phenotypic markers

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