Polymorphism of Lipid Metabolism Genes in Tatarstan-Type Cows

Abstract

The purpose of the research was to study the allelic polymorphism of lipid metabolism genes (OLR1, DGAT1 and LEP) in Tatarstan type cows. The object of the study was 79 first-calf heifers of the Kholmogory breed of the Tatarstan type, kept in the agricultural production complex “Agrofirm Rassvet” in the Kukmorsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan. As a result of molecular genetic studies (PCR-RFLP and AS-PCR), the animals were divided into groups taking into account their genotype at the loci of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (OLR1), diacylglycerol-O-acyltransferase (DGAT1) and leptin (LEP) genes. Animals with different genotypes of the studied genes were further divided into groups taking into account their linear affiliation. The studied sample of first-calf heifers consisted of individuals belonging to two leading genealogical lines of the Holstein breed, namely: Wis Ideal 933122 and Reflection Sovering 198998. In general, the studies showed that in the herd of first-calf heifers of the Tatarstan type, predominated allele C (0.73) and genotype CC 49.4% for OLR1 gene; allele A (0.77) and genotype AA 57.0% for DGAT1 gene; allele C (0.59) and genotype CT 57.0% for LEP gene. In the sample under study, the genetic balance is not shifted for any of the studied genes. In cows, the frequency of occurrence of alleles of the OLR1, DGAT1 and LEP genes, depending on linear affiliation (W. Ideal and R. Sovering), the trend remains. Similar data were obtained that, taking into account belonging to the Holstein breed, the highest occurrence of alleles in first-calf heifers: C (0.68-0.81) for OLR1 gene, A (0.74-0.83) for DGAT1 gene and C (0.57 -0.60) for LEP gene, respectively.