Polymorphism of CTLA‐4 gene for major depression in the Korean population

Abstract

This study was carried out to verify the relationship between major depression and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), which is related to immunological function such as T-cell regulation. Among the Korean patients diagnosed with major depression according to DSM-IV, 77 patients without neurological illness, hormonal disorder, or comorbid mental illness were selected. The stored data on 149 normal Koreans from the Catholic Hemopoietic Stem Cell Bank of Korea, were used as a control group. The data of the Korean control group were compared with those of the studies of different ethnic groups. DNA was extracted from whole blood using proteinase K and the exon 1 region of CTLA-4 gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Gene typing was performed using single strand conformation polymorphism. The results were assessed. There were significant differences in frequencies of CTLA-4 allele (c 2 = 56.472, d.f. = 1, P = 0.001) and genotype (c 2 = 46.132, d.f. = 2, P = 0.001) between the Korean population and the Caucasian population. However, we could not find any differences between the Korean and the Japanese population. There were no significant differences in genotype frequencies of CTLA-4*G/G, CTLA-4*G/A, and CTLA-4*A/A between the patients with major depression and the control group in the Korean population (48.1% vs 46.3%, 41.6% vs 39.6%, 10.3% vs 14.1%, respectively). There were no significant differences in allelic frequencies of CTLA-4*G and CTLA-4*A between the patients with major depression and the control group in the Korean population (68.8% vs 66.1%, 31.2% vs 33.9%, respectively). Although the present study produced negative results for the association of exon 1 polymorphism of CTLA-4 gene with major depression in the Korean population, further systematic research, including diverse clinical variables, would be necessary.

Circuit-based frameworks of depressive behaviors: The role of reward circuitry and beyond

“…Overexpression of these molecules specifically in the vHPC all induced susceptibility (Bagot et al, 2016). Moreover, chronic imipramine treatment, a tricyclic antidepressant, induced a significant upregulation in CTLA4 , a gene previously implicated in cohorts of Korean and Chinese MDD patients (Bagot et al, 2017; Jun et al, 2001; Liu et al, 2011). Circuit specific manipulations, in particular how NAc-projecting vHPC neurons differentially express these genes compared to other vHPC neurons, will be interesting to elucidate whether the efferent targets of neurons within a single brain region can affect gene expression in response to aversive environmental events.…”

Ketamine and Imipramine Reverse Transcriptional Signatures of Susceptibility and Induce Resilience-Specific Gene Expression Profiles

“…In HIP, imipramine induced expression of Ctla4 similar to effects in resilient mice. Polymorphisms in CTLA4 , a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on helper T cells, have been reported in both Korean and Han Chinese populations in association with depression (48, 49). Finally, our discovery of unique changes that occur in non-responders raises the interesting possibility that a subset of these changes may oppose therapeutic efficacy, something that now warrants direct examination.…”

Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Promoter –2518 Polymorphism May Have an Influence on Clinical Heterogeneity of Bipolar I Disorder in the Korean Population

“…We had previously found an association of tumor necrosis factor-· gene polymorphism with BID [15], but not with cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen-4 gene polymorphism [16]. In a related study for cytokine gene polymorphism, we hypothesized that abnormalities on MCP1 production caused by the MCP1 -2518 (G/A) polymorphism could be a liability factor for BID.…”