Polymorphic site index curves for jack pine in Northern Ontario

Carmean, Willard H.; Niznowski, G.P.; Hazenberg, G.

doi:10.5558/tfc77141-1

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The Lake States variant of FVS uses a system of site index conversion based on equations derived by Carmean and Vasilevsky (1971) and Carmean (1979). For the stands used in the present study, site index was derived using equations developed by Carmean (1996) and Carmean et al (2001Carmean et al ( , 2002Carmean et al ( , 2003. As previously mentioned, there was a general pattern of increase in MPD with projection length.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…As previously mentioned, there is considerable uncertainty in the computation of site index in the Lake States version of FVS. On the other hand, several studies have been conducted in Ontario for the development of site index functions for various forest types (e.g., Newnham 1988;Goelz and Burk 1992;Payandeh and Wang 1994;Carmean 1996;Carmean et al 2001Carmean et al , 2003Larocque et al 1996). For personal use only.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is a lack of information on age estimation or the number of trees that were used to derive the site index for a particular stand. For the present study, the site index for each stand of the validation dataset was estimated using polymorphic site index equations developed for Ontario's forest con- ditions (Carmean 1996;Carmean et al 2001Carmean et al , 2002Carmean et al , 2003. As the site index functions used in LS-FVS differed from the functions used for the validation dataset, the site index provided as input did not necessarily reflect the same level of site productivity as the site index function used originally in the development of LS-FVS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testing the Lake States variant of FVS (Forest Vegetation Simulator) for the main forest types of northern Ontario

Lacerte¹,

Larocque²,

Woods³

et al. 2004

The Forestry Chronicle

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The Lake States variant of the FVS (Forest Vegetation Simulator) model (LS-FVS), also known as the LS-TWIGS variant of FVS, was validated for black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP), white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forests in northern Ontario. Individual-tree data from 537 remeasured sample plots were used. This dataset included different combinations of site index, stand density and age. It was possible to compare observations and predictions for different projection length periods. The validation exercise included a biological consistency analysis, the computation of mean percent difference (MPD) for stand density, stand basal area, top height and quadratic mean diameter (QMD) and the comparison of observed and predicted individual-tree dbh. The biological consistency analysis indicated that LS-FVS logically predicted the effect of site index on top height, stand basal area and QMD for black spruce and jack pine. However, the decrease in stand basal area at young ages was inconsistent with the normal development pattern of the forest stands under study and was attributed to deficiencies in the prediction of mortality. LS-FVS was found to underpredict stand density, stand basal area and top height and to overpredict QMD. Even though there were large errors in the prediction of change in stand density, LS-FVS was nevertheless consistent in the prediction of the shape of the dbh size distribution. pour la densité, la surface terrière, la hauteur maximale et le diamètre moyen quadratique (QMD) et la comparaison des diamètres à hauteur de poitrine (dhp) observés et prédits d'arbres individuels. L'analyse de cohérence biologique a indiqué que LS-FVS a prédit de façon cohérente les effets de l'indice de site sur la hauteur maximale, la surface terrière et le QMD pour l'épinette noire et le pin gris. Cependant, la diminution en surface terrière en bas âge s'est avérée inconsistante avec la tendance normale de développement des types forestiers sous étude. Cette situation a été attribuée à une faiblesse de LS-FVS au niveau de la prédiction de la mortalité. Il a été trouvé que LS-FVS a sous-estimé la densité des peuplements, la surface terrière et la hauteur maximale et surestimé le QMD. Même s'il y avait de larges erreurs dans la prédiction du changement dans la densité des peuplements, LS-FVS était néanmoins cohérent dans la prédiction de la forme de la distribution des classes de dhp.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Testing the Lake States variant of FVS (Forest Vegetation Simulator) for the main forest types of northern Ontario

Lacerte¹,

Larocque²,

Woods³

et al. 2004

The Forestry Chronicle

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“…Different-shaped height-growth curves are often associated with level of site index (Carmean 1975(Carmean , 1996Carmean et al 2001). For both species we wanted to know if polymorphism expressed by a single Newnham (1988) equation was similar to polymorphism expressed by separate equations using data restricted only to plots for poor, medium and good levels of site index.…”

Section: Polymorphic Height-growth Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphic site index curves for black spruce and trembling aspen in northwest Ontario

Carmean¹,

Hazenberg²,

Deschamps³

2006

The Forestry Chronicle

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Site index curves were developed using stem-analysis data from dominant and codominant trees in 230 black spruce and 194 trembling aspen plots located in mature, well-stocked, even-aged stands. Black spruce plots were in five separate and independent data sets located on mineral and organic soils; trembling aspen plots were in three separate and independent data sets located on mineral soils. Computations showed that the Newnham nonlinear regression model was slightly more precise than other models commonly used for developing site index curves. This model accurately expresses polymorphic height growth for a wide range of site index and age and constrains predicted height to agree with specified 50-year tree height (site index). Computations showed that height-growth curves were similar for each of the five black spruce data sets; likewise, curves for each of the three trembling aspen data sets were similar. Therefore, the five black spruce and the three trembling aspen data sets were combined for computing a single set of black spruce and a single set of trembling aspen site index curves for Northwest Ontario. Comparisons between our Northwest Ontario site index curves and other black spruce and trembling aspen curves showed large differences in height-growth patterns for older ages. Reasons for these differences are uncertain but in many instances these could be artifacts related to study methods involving various amounts and kind of data and variations in analytical techniques. In some cases differences in climate, soil and topography may also be related to variations in these site curves.

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“…For example, a pure even-aged jack pine stand might only have dominant and codominant jack pine trees, thus we only are able to directly estimate jack pine site index using jack pine site index curves (Carmean et al 2001). For such pure stands, we would be uncertain about site indices for other alternative tree species such as black spruce, trembling aspen, and red pine that could be considered for management on that site.…”

Section: Species Site Index Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site index comparisons for forest species in the Upper Great Lakes area of the United States and Canada

Carmean¹,

Hahn²,

McRoberts³

et al. 2013

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This report summarizes six studies that compare site index relations between 24 hardwood and conifer species in the Upper Great Lakes area of the United States and Canada. These six studies have many regression models and graphs for comparing site index between forest species thus providing tools for estimating site index for alternative tree species based on direct site index measurements using tree species actually present in forest stands. Thus the objective of this summary paper is to summarize these models so that we can provide the most accurate tools available for estimating the tree species that are most productive and economically valuable for management on each forest site.

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Polymorphic site index curves for jack pine in Northern Ontario

Cited by 33 publications

References 8 publications

Testing the Lake States variant of FVS (Forest Vegetation Simulator) for the main forest types of northern Ontario

Testing the Lake States variant of FVS (Forest Vegetation Simulator) for the main forest types of northern Ontario

Polymorphic site index curves for black spruce and trembling aspen in northwest Ontario

Site index comparisons for forest species in the Upper Great Lakes area of the United States and Canada

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