Polymicrobial Amniotic Fluid Infection withMycoplasma/Ureaplasmaand Other Bacteria Induces Severe Intra-Amniotic Inflammation Associated with Poor Perinatal Prognosis in Preterm Labor

Abstract

Our newly established PCR method is useful for detecting IA microorganisms. Polymicrobial infection with Mycoplasma/Ureaplasma and other bacteria induces severe IA inflammation associated with poor perinatal prognosis in PTL.

17OHP‐C in patients with spontaneous preterm labor and intact membranes: is there an effect according to the presence of intra‐amniotic inflammation?

“…(ii) erythromycin (800-1500 mg/d) or azithromycin (500 mg/d) was used against Mycoplasma or Ureaplasma for 7 days (Ureaplasma species were detected more frequently 25 ), (iii) co-infection of both bacteria and Mycoplasma or Ureaplasma was treated with both antibiotics for 7 days, and (iv) no antibiotic was administered in microbenegative cases.…”

“…[21][22][23]25 Therefore, antibiotics might be necessary against intra-amniotic microbes, whereas anti-inflammatory agents might be effective against sterile intra-amniotic inflammation. [21][22][23]25 Therefore, antibiotics might be necessary against intra-amniotic microbes, whereas anti-inflammatory agents might be effective against sterile intra-amniotic inflammation.…”

“…The causes of intra-amniotic inflammation are considered to be the existence of microbes in the amniotic cavity, 25 17OHP-C was able to prolong the gestational period in PTL cases with sterile mild intra-amniotic inflammation.…”

“…Furthermore, it is possible to predict the timing of birth (interval from admission to delivery) using markers such as clinical symptoms and intra-amniotic inflammation. [21][22][23]25 Intra-amniotic infection also affects the gestational period in PTL cases. In addition, recent data clearly showed that sterile intra-amniotic inflammation is observed in many cases in PTL patients.…”

“…24 Hence, the prolongation of gestational period will be shorter in PTL cases with severe clinical symptoms and/or intra-amniotic inflammation/ infection, whereas it will be longer in cases with mild intra-amniotic inflammation. 23,25 Progesterone has an effect on regulating inflammation; therefore, progesterone might prevent preterm delivery with an episode of PTL with intra-amniotic inflammation. [21][22][23]25 Intra-amniotic infection also affects the gestational period in PTL cases.…”