Polymethyl methacrylate/montmorillonite nanocomposite beads through a suspension polymerization‐derived process

Kim, Sung Soo; Park, Tae Sook; Shin, Byung Cheol; Kim, Young Baek

doi:10.1002/app.21696

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The solid-state 13 C NMR spectra were obtained on Varian Infinity plus 300 WB spectrometer operating at 300 MHz. The chemical shifts were expressed with respect to the signal of tetramethylsilane.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only PMMA-based materials by suspension polymerization can be widely applied in dentures 12 and surgical bone cements. 13 However, to the best of our knowledge, few studies were reported on the suspension copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA). Davy et al synthesized novel iodinated methacrylate copolymers via suspension copolymerization to obtain X-ray opaque denture base resins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toughening effect of comonomer on acrylic denture base resin prepared via suspension copolymerization

Jiao

Wang

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this article, three copolymers used as denture base resins were prepared via suspension copolymerization using butyl acrylate (BA), butyl methacrylate (BMA), or methyl acrylate (MA) with methyl methacrylate (MMA), respectively. The homopolymers and copolymers were characterized by 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C NMR). The influence of the three comonomers on the mechanical property was investigated in details and the fracture surfaces of copolymer specimens were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Meanwhile, the T g values of three copolymers were examined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicate that, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) copolymers with BA, BMA, or MA have been successfully prepared via suspension copolymerization. The presence of BA, BMA, or MA could improve the mechanical property especially the impact strength, the toughness of the materials was remarkably improved. The toughening effect of BMA monomer is most significant. When the content of BA is 2 wt %, the flexural strength improves by 51% and the impact strength improves by 81.3%. The T g values of three copolymers all decrease.

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Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toughening effect of comonomer on acrylic denture base resin prepared via suspension copolymerization

Jiao

Wang

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Kim. et al 23 reduced the diameter of polystyrene particles to 40 μm containing montmorillonite. Sawatari et al 24 homogenized a mixture of styrene-butyl acrylate monomers and magnetic particles, successfully preparing 5-8 μm composite particles by suspension polymerization.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Copoly(styrene/butyl methacrylate) Beads and Composite Particles containing Carbon Black with Hydrophobic Silica as a Stabilizer in Aqueous Solution

Chung¹,

Park

2012

Elastomers and Composites

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ABSTRACT：A suspension copolymerization of styrene and butyl methacrylate (BMA) in the aqueous phase was conducted at a selected temperature between 65 and 95 ℃. Hydrophobic silica was selected as a stabilizer and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. Optimum dispersion of silica in water was obtained at pH 10 while polymerization reaction was run at pH 7. TGA and EDS measurements revealed that 90% of silica functioned as a stabilizer and 10% were incorporated into polymeric particles. Average particle diameter decreased with increasing amounts of stabilizer. Molecular weights displayed an increase when the stabilizer concentration reached 1.67 wt%. An increase in the initiator concentration and/or reaction temperature raised the reaction rate but decreased molecular weights. Particle diameter was nearly independent of the initiator concentration and reaction temperature. An increase in the BMA proportion decreased the glass transition temperature and increased the particle diameter with irregularity in shape. Incorporation of carbon black into the particles composed of styrene and BMA prolonged the reaction time before reaching completion. We have confirmed that a suspension copolymerization of styrene and BMA with hydrophobic silica as a stabilizer can produce spherical composite particles with 1-30 ㎛ in diameter containing carbon black. 요 약：물을 반응매체로 하고 스티렌과 부틸메타크릴레이트 (BMA)를 단량체로 하여 65℃에서 95℃ 사이의 선택된 온도에서 현탁중합을 실시하였다. 소수성 실리카를 안정제로, azobisisobutyronirile (AIBN)을 개시제로 선택하였다.

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“…11 For suspension polymerization of methyl methacrylate in presence of organophilic montmorillonite the clay layers are situated both inside and on the surface of the latex particles. 12 In this case, the kinetics of the monomer polymerization is much influenced by the presence of clay. Van Herk et al reported the presence of clays inside the latex particle by using a coupling systems based on titanium or silica precursors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another important argument related to monomer-clay interaction is related by the expansion of d 001 (interlayer distance of (001) reflection plane) specific to clay galleries when the montmorillonite is dispersed in the monomer phase. 12 In perspective clays d 001 is very much affected by the presence of different organic solvents. 19,20 The Cloisite Na+ has a basal spacing of 11.7 Å ; the quaternary commercial organoclays Cloisite 20A and 30B have d-spacing of 24.2 and 18.5 Å in that order.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of Styrene and Butyl Acrylate Polymerization in Anionic Microemulsions in Presence of Layered Silicates

Fialová

Capek

Ianchiş

et al. 2007

Polym J

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The effect was studied of various layered silicates (sodium montmorillonite and different organomodified montmorillonites) on kinetics of styrene (St) and butyl acrylate (BuA) in anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate) microemulsion polymerization. The dependence of the polymerization rate on the conversion exhibits two rate intervals. The presence of layered silicates affects the conversion and polymerization rate of both St and BuA. The size of polymer particles increases with polarity of Cloisite and the increase is more pronounced in poly(butyl acrylate) particles. The kinetic, colloidal and molecular weight parameters are influence both by the monomer and layered silicate polarities. Different approaches (Ugelstadt, Nomura and Gilbert models) were used for evaluation of polymerization kinetics. The desorption constants (k des ) decrease in presence of the studied layered silicates (Cloisite Na, Cloisite 30B, Cloisite 20A). The decreasing values of the desorption constants in the presence of clays; demonstrate a clear effect, which implies the decreasing of the probability of the radical exit from particles in the presence of the layered silicates.KEY WORDS: Microemulsion Polymerization / Layered Silicates / Kinetics / Nanolatexes / Nanocomposites / The synthesis of nanoclay composites from dispersed systems exhibit an increased interest in the last years. The main reasons include the encapsulation of layered silicates, nanolayer stabilization, in situ polymerization of the monomers in intergalleries of the layered silicates and the possibility of obtaining hybrid particles and nanoparticles.1-5 Even through the numerous reports about emulsion, miniemulsion and suspension polymerization of different monomers in presence of layered silicate can be found in the literature, the kinetics data are rather rare. 1,6,7 Some other papers 8,9 deal with the bulk polymerization of selected monomers, for example methyl methacrylate in presence of montmorillonite (MMT). It was found that an optimal ratio of MMT/initiator (benzoyl peroxide) promotes an increase in the polymerization rate of methyl methacrylate. 8Presence of an organomodified montmorillonite also increases the polymerization rate of styrene in bulk polymerization. 9 In the case of emulsion polymerization of styrene the reaction rate is enhanced by the presence of sodium montmorillonite, however the study handles only one level of inorganic filler. 10In the miniemulsion polymerization of styrene in presence of laponite the silicate layers can be on the surface of the particle but also inside the emulsion-latex particle depending on the initiator nature. 7 In suspension polymerization of styrene in presence of different organophilic montmorillonites silicates are likely also inside the particle.11 For suspension polymerization of methyl methacrylate in presence of organophilic montmorillonite the clay layers are situated both inside and on the surface of the latex particles.12 In this case, the kinetics of the monomer polymerization is much influenced by the presenc...

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Polymethyl methacrylate/montmorillonite nanocomposite beads through a suspension polymerization‐derived process

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

Toughening effect of comonomer on acrylic denture base resin prepared via suspension copolymerization

Toughening effect of comonomer on acrylic denture base resin prepared via suspension copolymerization

Preparation of Copoly(styrene/butyl methacrylate) Beads and Composite Particles containing Carbon Black with Hydrophobic Silica as a Stabilizer in Aqueous Solution

Kinetics of Styrene and Butyl Acrylate Polymerization in Anionic Microemulsions in Presence of Layered Silicates

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