Polymethyl Methacrylate Induced Pulmonary Embolism

Kaur, Ramanjit; Younas, Fahad; Rajput, Furqan A.; Kumar, Sachin; Afonso, Luís

doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2013.05.646

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Other complications of PMMA cranioplasty include infection 30 and pulmonary embolism (due to PMMA extravasation into venous circulation). 31 Most importantly, PMMA lacks the osseointegrative and osteoinductive properties that would provide complete regeneration of reliable bone in a large cranial defect. However, the lower elastic modulus of PMMA (approximately 3 GPa) compared to surgical titanium (approximately 110 GPa) conveys a lesser discontinuity at the implant-host interface, and may result in less stress-shielding and less loosening of fixation devices over time.…”

Section: Advances In Alloplastic Bone Substitutes For Cranial Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Recent Revolution in the Design and Manufacture of Cranial Implants

et al. 2015

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Large format (i.e., > 25 cm2) cranioplasty is a challenging procedure not only from a cosmesis standpoint, but also in terms of ensuring that the patient's brain will be well-protected from direct trauma. Until recently, when a patient's own cranial flap was unavailable, these goals were unattainable. Recent advances in implant Computer Aided Design and 3-D printing are leveraging other advances in regenerative medicine. It is now possible to 3-D-print patient-specific implants from a variety of polymer, ceramic, or metal components. A skull template may be used to design the external shape of an implant that will become well integrated in the skull, while also providing beneficial distribution of mechanical force distribution in the event of trauma. Furthermore, an internal pore geometry can be utilized to facilitate the seeding of banked allograft cells. Implants may be cultured in a bioreactor along with recombinant growth factors to produce implants coated with bone progenitor cells and extracellular matrix that appear to the body as a graft, albeit a tissue-engineered graft. The growth factors would be left behind in the bioreactor and the graft would resorb as new host bone invades the space and is remodeled into strong bone. As we describe in this review, such advancements will lead to optimal replacement of cranial defects that are both patient-specific and regenerative.

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Section: Advances In Alloplastic Bone Substitutes For Cranial Repairmentioning

confidence: 99%