Polymethoxylated flavonoids (PMFs)-loaded citral nanoemulsion controls green mold in citrus by damaging the cell membrane of Penicillium digitatum

Guo, Long; Mao, Xiaoxue; Li, Yi; Zhou, Zhiqin

doi:10.1016/j.funbio.2022.12.003

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Reports indicate that certain natural fungicides, known for disrupting cell walls, also concurrently affect cell membranes . Thus, the integrality of pathogenic fungi cell membranes was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (Leica Microsystems CMS GmbH, Am Friedensplatz 3, 68165 Mannheim, Germany) with PI as a fluorescent indicator, as detailed in a reported method. − Briefly, the hypostroma treated with varying concentrations of thymol were dispersed in 2 mL of PI solution (10 μg/L), incubated in the dark at 37 °C for 30 min, and then imaged using a confocal laser scanning microscope after incubation and washing twice with sterile water. The excitation and emission wavelengths were set to 488 and 620 nm, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Preservative Film with a Pleated Surface Structure and Dual Bioactivity Properties for Application in Strawberry Preservation due to Its Efficient Apoptosis of Pathogenic Fungal Cells

Zhang,

Bao

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Botrytis cinerea (B. cinerea) and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (C. gloeosporioides) were isolated from the decaying strawberry tissue. The antifungal properties of Monarda didyma essential oil (MEO) and its nanoemulsion were confirmed, demonstrating complete inhibition of the pathogens at concentrations of 0.45 μL/mL (0.37 mg/mL) and 10 μL/mL, respectively. Thymol, a primary component of MEO, was determined as an antimicrobial agent with IC 50 values of 34.51 (B. cinerea) and 53.40 (C. gloeosporioides) μg/mL. Hippophae rhamnoides oil (HEO) was confirmed as a potent antioxidant, leading to the development of a thymol-HEO-chitosan film designed to act as an antistaling agent. The disease index and weight loss rate can be reduced by 90 and 60%, respectively, with nutrients also being well-preserved, offering an innovative approach to preservative development. Studies on the antifungal mechanism revealed that thymol could bind to FKS1 to disrupt the cell wall, causing the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential and a burst of reactive oxygen species.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Preservative Film with a Pleated Surface Structure and Dual Bioactivity Properties for Application in Strawberry Preservation due to Its Efficient Apoptosis of Pathogenic Fungal Cells

Zhang,

Bao

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Aiming to promote the circular economy and contribute to reducing waste generation, citrus fruits were chosen for this study. [3][4][5] Among the diseases affecting citrus fruits, blue mold caused by the fungus Penicillium italicum is the most prominent. This necrotrophic fungus induces citrus rot and produces mycotoxins, posing a potential threat to human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high rate of generated waste leads not only to economic and environmental losses, but also additional public health concern. Aiming to promote the circular economy and contribute to reducing waste generation, citrus fruits were chosen for this study 3‐5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levulinic acid as a strategy for control of postharvest citrus blue mold by a newly isolated Penicillium italicum

Bazoti,

Camargo,

Bonatto

et al. 2024

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUNDLevulinic acid (LA) is a multifunctional compound that is relevant to the economy of bio‐based chemical products. Citrus sinensis, the Valencia variety, is one of the world's most consumed citrus fruit varieties but suffers significant losses due to blue mold infestation. This research evaluated the inhibitory action of unpurified levulinic acid obtained from watermelon residues against the fungus Penicillium italicum, proposing a new use as a fungal inhibitor.RESULTSLA was evaluated in in vitro tests and inhibited the mycelial growth of the fungus. In in vivo experiments with oranges, fungal proliferation in fruits was investigated by applying a crude mixture containing LA (43 mM) and formic acid (FA, 28 mM), comparing with FA alone and negative control (without inhibitory agent). The weight loss and disease incidence results decreased when LA was used as an inhibitory agent, with no negative impacts on fruit quality being observed. Its inhibitory effect was confirmed by determining the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD), where there was no increase in activities due to inhibition of the fungus before its proliferation in the fruits.CONCLUSIONThis study provides relevant data on the new use of raw LA as an antifungal agent, an effect still unexplored for this compound in recent literature, offering a practical and innovative solution to combat blue mold.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Citrus essential oils – Based nano-emulsions: Functional properties and potential applications

Medeleanu,

Fărcaș,

Coman

et al. 2023

Food Chemistry: X

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Polymethoxylated flavonoids (PMFs)-loaded citral nanoemulsion controls green mold in citrus by damaging the cell membrane of Penicillium digitatum

Cited by 10 publications

References 49 publications

A Novel Preservative Film with a Pleated Surface Structure and Dual Bioactivity Properties for Application in Strawberry Preservation due to Its Efficient Apoptosis of Pathogenic Fungal Cells

A Novel Preservative Film with a Pleated Surface Structure and Dual Bioactivity Properties for Application in Strawberry Preservation due to Its Efficient Apoptosis of Pathogenic Fungal Cells

Levulinic acid as a strategy for control of postharvest citrus blue mold by a newly isolated Penicillium italicum

Citrus essential oils – Based nano-emulsions: Functional properties and potential applications

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