Polymersome-Based Drug-Delivery Strategies for Cancer Therapeutics

Anajafi, Tayebeh; Mallik, Sanku

doi:10.4155/tde.14.125

Cited by 131 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…For the hydrophilic part the most conventional choices are poly(L‐glutamic acid) (PGlu), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). Especially PEG is often implemented, because its stealth‐like behavior and long circulation time properties makes it biocompatible for biomedical applications . Although the properties of diblock‐copolymers depend mainly on the hydrophobic block, its T g is also affected by the hydrophilic part and will be the result of the respective hydrophilic and hydrophobic chain lengths.…”

Section: Polymer Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Molecular Building Blocks for Functional Polymersomes

Rijpkema

Toebes

Maas

et al. 2019

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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In recent years various polymeric vesicles have been reported that show promising results for drug delivery applications, nanomotors and/or nanoreactors. These polymeric vesicles can be assembled from many different materials and various coupling reactions have been applied for functionalization of the vesicles. However, the designs reported are still rather simple, as it is challenging to mimic biological complex systems. In this review we focus on the properties of widely used hydrophobic polymers to better understand polymersome properties for various applications. Examples are shown of how researchers have used and modulated block‐copolymers and their properties to their advantage. Furthermore, an overview of possible end group functionalizations of nanoparticles is reported, giving insight in recent developments of smart nanoparticles for biomedical applications.

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Section: Polymer Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Molecular Building Blocks for Functional Polymersomes

Rijpkema

Toebes

Maas

et al. 2019

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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“…In recent decades, there has been increased interest in the use of polymeric vesicles (polymersomes), especially when PEG is utilized in their structure . The use of PEG in nanostructures increases their circulation time or the half‐life of drug delivery system with hampering the process of opsonization and elimination with a reticuloendothelial system . In comparison with liposomes, polymersomes are more stable and storable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, unlike the micelles, polymersomes can encapsulate hydrophilic biomaterials as well as hydrophobic ones . It is noticeable that the higher drug loading efficiency of polymersomes is attributed to the thicker hydrophobic membrane of polymersomes compared to the liposomal lipid bilayer . Deregulation of miRNAs expression as suggested biomarkers could make a difference to many cellular and molecular pathways involved in colorectal cancer .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymersome‐assisted delivery of curcumin: A suitable approach to decrease cancer stemness markers and regulate miRNAs expression in HT29 colorectal cancer cells

Pakizehkar

Ranji

Sohi

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Curcumin as a safe traditional compound has various benefits such as anticancer activities. However, low solubility in water is a problem. Herein, curcumin encapsulated in polymersome nanoparticles (CPNs) have been developed, the physicochemical properties have been evaluated, and cytotoxicity effects on HT29 cells were evaluated by MTT assay and annexin V/PI staining. The expression of stemness markers including CD44, CD133, and CD24, as well as miRNAs (miR‐126, miR‐34a, miR‐21, miR‐155, miR‐221, and miR‐222) and some potential targets, was evaluated in CPNs‐treated and untreated cells. Physicochemical analysis confirmed the encapsulation of curcumin in polymersomes and showed a spherical shape, an appropriate mean size of 259.5±1.5 nm, the acceptable polydispersity index of ~ 0.465, and the zeta potential of (‐8.74±0.2), as well as long‐term storage of CPNs at 4°C. According to the result, CPNs with the IC50 of 14 μg/ml increased apoptosis and induced S arrest in treated cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed the decrease in cancer stemness markers. RT‐qPCR analysis identified the downregulation of miR‐21, miR‐155, and miR‐221/222, as well as upregulation of miR‐34a, miR‐126, and deregulation of some apoptotic targets such as P53, CASP9, CASP8, CASP3, BAX, and BCl‐2 in CPNs‐treated cells. As a result, CPNs can be a safe and effective complementary agent to diminish cancer stem cells and tumor recurrence in colorectal cancer therapy.

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“…Diblock copolymers have also been widely used for the development of synthetic vesicles denoted polymersomes, which exhibit excellent stability and mechanical properties (5,6). However, they are polydisperse and sometimes toxic and exhibit bilayers from 8 to 50 nm, which are thicker than those of biological membranes (about 4 nm), making them less suitable for incorporating proteins and other components of biological origin in their bilayers (7)(8)(9)(10). A third class of synthetic vesicles denoted dendrimersomes (DSs) has been elaborated by the self-assembly of amphiphilic JDs (11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Janus dendrimersomes coassembled from fluorinated, hydrogenated, and hybrid Janus dendrimers as models for cell fusion and fission

Xiao

Sherman

Wilner

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

202

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A three-component system of Janus dendrimers (JDs) including hydrogenated, fluorinated, and hybrid hydrogenated-fluorinated JDs are reported to coassemble by film hydration at specific ratios into an unprecedented class of supramolecular Janus particles (JPs) denoted Janus dendrimersomes (JDSs). They consist of a dumbbellshaped structure composed of an onion-like hydrogenated vesicle and an onion-like fluorinated vesicle tethered together. The synthesis of dye-tagged analogs of each JD component enabled characterization of JDS architectures with confocal fluorescence microscopy. Additionally, a simple injection method was used to prepare submicron JDSs, which were imaged with cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM). As reported previously, different ratios of the same three-component system yielded a variety of structures including homogenous onion-like vesicles, core-shell structures, and completely self-sorted hydrogenated and fluorinated vesicles. Taken together with the JDSs reported herein, a self-sorting pathway is revealed as a function of the relative concentration of the hybrid JD, which may serve to stabilize the interface between hydrogenated and fluorinated bilayers. The fission-like pathway suggests the possibility of fusion and fission processes in biological systems that do not require the assistance of proteins but instead may result from alterations in the ratios of membrane composition.Janus particles | onion-like vesicles | self-sorting | fusion mechanism J anus particles (JPs) are nanoscale or microscale objects that exhibit two-faced asymmetry, enabling the presentation of vastly different chemical or physical properties localized at distinct parts of the same structure. They have been prepared as unimolecular systems in the form of dendrimers, dendrimer-like polymers, heterografted polymers, and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes; as supramolecular assemblies from lipids, block copolymers, and terpolymers and other polymers; as liquid crystals; and as inorganic nanoparticles. JPs have gained increasing attention due to their application in a variety of fields including as emulsion stabilizers, facilitators for the development of novel liquid/liquid and liquid/air interfaces among other interfacial applications, optical nanoprobes, electronic inks, self-propelling beads, targeted stealth drug delivery systems, MRI contrast agents, and theranostics agents, among other biomedical applications (1).Asymmetric molecules such as phospholipids, block copolymers, and Janus dendrimers (JDs) can be thought of as the molecularlevel equivalent of JPs. Phospholipids are the major building block of the bilayers of biological membranes. Synthetic vesicles, which mimic biological membranes, have been prepared from phospholipids and are denoted liposomes. As the result of their instability due to oxidation, phospholipids must be coassembled with cholesterol and polyethylene glycol-conjugated phospholipids to form stable liposomes (2, 3). Furthermore, time-consuming fractionation and extrusio...

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Polymersome-Based Drug-Delivery Strategies for Cancer Therapeutics

Cited by 131 publications

References 89 publications

Designing Molecular Building Blocks for Functional Polymersomes

Designing Molecular Building Blocks for Functional Polymersomes

Polymersome‐assisted delivery of curcumin: A suitable approach to decrease cancer stemness markers and regulate miRNAs expression in HT29 colorectal cancer cells

Janus dendrimersomes coassembled from fluorinated, hydrogenated, and hybrid Janus dendrimers as models for cell fusion and fission

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