Polymers with Ionic Conductivity

Armand, Michel

doi:10.1002/adma.19900020603

Cited by 299 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…3 In industrial applications binary systems are already used, in which the polymer is combined with a conductive salt. While the salt cations (Li + ions) supplies the electroactive species in the electrolyte, the anions might additionally exert a plasticizing effect on the polymer when they have low charge density, high exibility and large hindrance (e.g., bis(triuoromethane-sulfonyl)imide a.k.a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ternary polymer electrolytes incorporating pyrrolidinium-imide ionic liquids

2015

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Herein is reported the performance of ternary polymer electrolytes incorporating ionic liquids, showing higher ionic conductivity over a wide temperature range than binary polymer-salt systems, while guaranteeing higher safety compared to liquid, organic electrolytes or gel electrolytes. In particular, the electrochemical performance and the interactions between poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) and several pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquids is comparatively investigated. Eight different polymer electrolytes were produced to test the ionic conductivity and longtime (more than 1400 hours) cycling stability in symmetrical lithium cells. Thermal analysis was used to investigate the thermal stability and degree of crystallinity. Six of the eight investigated samples are found fully amorphous at room temperature. In general, the properties of the polymer electrolytes are influenced by both Ionic liquid ions. The ether function in the side chain of the pyrrolidinium increases the ionic conductivity but, in some cases, lowers the thermal and electrochemical stability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ternary polymer electrolytes incorporating pyrrolidinium-imide ionic liquids

2015

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“…Several criteria for a good polymer host lie in: [20][21][22] (i) fast segmental motion of polymer chain; (ii) special groups promoting the dissolution of salts; (iii) low glass transition temperature (T g ); (iv) high molecular weight; (v) wide electrochemical window; (vi) high degradation temperature. Within the framework, the salts in the GPEs serve as the sources of the charge carriers, which are generally required to have large anions and low dissociation energy for easier dissociating-induced free/mobile ions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Cheng

Pan

Zhao

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

760

562

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storage devices with adjustable shapes and high flexibility, which is promising for the burgeoning portable and wearable electronics. [7][8][9] Furthermore, the flexibility and elasticity of GPEs are also prone to tolerate the volume change of electrode materials and the dendrites of lithium metal during charge and discharge processes. [10][11][12][13] As a consequence, GPEs have become one of the most desirable alternatives among various electrolytes for the electrochemical energy storage devices, and significant progress has been made in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), supercapacitors (SCs), lithium-oxygen (Li-O 2 ) batteries as well as the other kinds of electrochemical energy storage devices, such as sodium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, fuel cells, and zinc-air batteries. [14][15][16] In order to meet the requirements of wearable devices for flexibility and deformability, more special GPEs with tough, [17] stretchable, [18] and compressible [19] functionalities have been also developed.Typically, a polymeric framework is adopted in GPEs as host material, providing high mechanical integrity. Several criteria for a good polymer host lie in: [20][21][22] (i) fast segmental motion of polymer chain; (ii) special groups promoting the dissolution of salts; (iii) low glass transition temperature (T g ); (iv) high molecular weight; (v) wide electrochemical window; (vi) high degradation temperature. Within the framework, the salts in the GPEs serve as the sources of the charge carriers, which are generally required to have large anions and low dissociation energy for easier dissociating-induced free/mobile ions. According to the types of electrolytes, there are four categories of GPEs based on proton, [23] alkaline, [24] conducting salts, and ionic liquids (ILs). [25] The criteria for an appropriate electrolyte include: [26][27][28] (i) good dissociation without forming ion pairs or ion aggregation; (ii) high thermal, chemical, and electrochemical stability; (iii) high ionic conductivity. In order to dissolve both the polymer hosts and electrolytic salts, the organic/ aqueous solvents are introduced to provide the medium for ionic conduction. A good solvent should simultaneously have high dielectric constant (ɛ > 15), donor number for more dissociation of ion and chemical and electrochemical stability. Organic solvents normally include ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dimethyl formamide (DMF), dimethyl sulphoxide, ethyl methyl carbonate, and tetrahydrofuran.To prepare a high-performance GPE, it is essential to select the species of host polymer, solvent, and electrolytic salt, and then blend them by solution or melt processes, such as casting With the booming development of flexible and wearable electronics, their safety issues and operation stabilities have attracted worldwide attentions. Compared with traditional liquid electrolytes, gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are preferred due to their higher safety and adaptability to the design of ...

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“…These systems are capable of significant ionic conductivities in the amorphous regions and, due to their potential application in secondary batteries, have been studied extensively for about a decade [1,2]. In spite of considerable developments in the field, the specific ways that the polymer chains interact with and solvate salts i1 these systems are not completely understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solvation of Cobalt Salts by Oligomeric Polyethers

Mendolia¹,

Farrington²

1992

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Der *1SOeIftun te t orw nIe n e or a rernwu-strfLmcm. warct."q evujing uJia wĩ ll iii I IOfI t n U.rmaotierrnluan commnts rciaunfts woetmateor ano otewr~oc f " , m Va uoge . p ,,se ,-o i ited ucson p,,ect 10 44 1u ). W sn gto OC OSO) . *3 * . n* r , REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)Polyether-salt systems involving CoBr 2 dissolved in oligomenc polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG) have been investigated. Both systems demonstrated conductivity maxima as a function of salt concentration. PTMG electrolytes had dramatically lower conductivities (max. a -3.6 x 10 -7 Scm for PTMG, max. a -1.45 x I0 -Scm for PEG at room temperature) which can be explained on the basis of spectral data which indicate the existence of predominantly neutral species in PTMG. The reason for the difference in the types of species present in PEG and PTMG can be rationalized on the basis of the chelate effect. Reproduction in whole or in part is permitted for any purpose of the United States Government. 92-23985This document has been approved for public release and sale; its distribution is unlimited. Solvation of Cobalt Salts

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Polymers with Ionic Conductivity

Cited by 299 publications

References 46 publications

Ternary polymer electrolytes incorporating pyrrolidinium-imide ionic liquids

Ternary polymer electrolytes incorporating pyrrolidinium-imide ionic liquids

Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Solvation of Cobalt Salts by Oligomeric Polyethers

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