Polymerization-Stopping Agents

Antlfinger, G. J.; Lufter, Carl H.

doi:10.1021/ie50517a053

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Oil-plasticized Synthetic Rubbers2

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1953

1997

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Cited by 5 publications

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“…In the free-radical emulsion polymerization of butadiene and styrene, a combination of 0.05 part of sulfur and 0.03 part of sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate is a suitable shortstop agent for a 41 °F. oxidation-reduction system (8).…”

Section: Oil-plasticized Synthetic Rubbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elastomers

Fisher¹

1953

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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Section: Oil-plasticized Synthetic Rubbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A method is described for determining the volume changes of an elastomeric latex cast cylindrical film from measurements of the length, height, and thickness of a flat sheet cut from the cylindrical film; a nomograph is included for simplifying the calculations (8).…”

Section: Oil-plasticized Synthetic Rubbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastomers

Fisher¹

1953

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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Redox recipes. X. A recipe with ferric versenate, sodium dithionite, and hydroperoxide as activating system (veroxathionite recipe)

Kolthoff

Meehan

1959

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A new initiating system, named the Veroxathionite system, for the copolymerization of butadiene (75)‐styrene (25) is described. At 0°C., with the recipe: butadiene, 75 parts; styrene, 25 parts; water, 180 parts; potassium myristate, 5 parts; potassium pyrophosphate, 1 part; sulfole mercaptan, 0.3 part; 0.66 mmole of phenylcyclohexane hydroperoxide, 0.001 M ferric versenate, and 0.1 part of sodium dithionite, conversions of 45, 87, and 100% were reached in 1, 2, and 3 hours, respectively. The rate can be varied within wide limits by changing the concentration of iron. With only 10−4 M ferric versenate and 0.06 part of dithionite, 71% conversion is attained in 12 hours. The amount of dithionite must be adjusted to the amount of hydroperoxide and, to a lesser extent, to the amount of iron. With much more than one mole of dithionite per mole of hydroperoxide, dead‐stops occur at low conversion due to exhaustion of hydroperoxide. The rate is determined by the concentration of ferric versenate, and an excess of versene over ferric iron has no effect. The addition of potassium pyrophosphate yields a latex which is of normal fluidity and free of precoagulation up to 80% conversion. The effects of polymerization variables are described. With methanol as antifreeze, a recipe is described which yields 75% conversion in 8 hours at −20°C. The reaction mechanism is very involved. It is concluded that an induced reaction between hydroperoxide and dithionite is responsible for the low efficiency of the radicals produced in this recipe.

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Rohmaterialien

Hagen¹

1956

Glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffe

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Polymerization-Stopping Agents

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Elastomers

Elastomers

Redox recipes. X. A recipe with ferric versenate, sodium dithionite, and hydroperoxide as activating system (veroxathionite recipe)

Rohmaterialien

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