Polymerization Parameters Influencing the QCM Response Characteristics of BSA MIP

Phan, Nam Van Ho; Sussitz, Hermann F.; Lieberzeit, Peter A.

doi:10.3390/bios4020161

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…QCM were mounted in a custom-made cell connected to the oscillator circuit following a previously described protocol [ 26 ], which is also shown in Fig. 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-density lipoprotein sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer

2017

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Decreased blood level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is one of the essential criteria in diagnosing metabolic syndrome associated with the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Herein, we report the synthesis of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) that selectively binds HDL, namely, HDL-MIP, and thus serves as an artificial, biomimetic sensor layer. The optimized polymer contains methacrylic acid and N-vinylpyrrolidone in the ratio of 2:3, cross-linked with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. On 10 MHz dual electrode quartz crystal microbalances (QCM), such HDL-MIP revealed dynamic detection range toward HDL standards in the clinically relevant ranges of 2–250 mg/dL HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) in 10 mM phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH = 7.4) without significant interference: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) yields 5% of the HDL signal, and both very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and human serum albumin (HSA) yield 0%. The sensor reveals recovery rates between 94 and 104% at 95% confidence interval with precision of 2.3–7.7% and shows appreciable correlation (R 2 = 0.97) with enzymatic colorimetric assay, the standard in clinical tests. In contrast to the latter, it achieves rapid results (10 min) during one-step analysis without the need for sample preparation. Graphical Abstractᅟ

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“…QCM were mounted in a custom-made cell connected to the oscillator circuit following a previously described protocol [ 26 ], which is also shown in Fig. 1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All measurements were carried out in stopped flow until the signal reached its equilibrium state. Afterward, we washed the cell with 10% aqueous solution of acetic acid, followed by 0.1% SDS solution, and finally deionized water (10 min each at a flow rate of 0.46 mL/min) [ 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-density lipoprotein sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer

2017

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“…Another QCM-MIP based study was published by Phan et al [22] in 2014. This study is very important because the authors investigated the effects of changes in cross-linker and monomer ratio on the sensitivity and response time.…”

Section: Mip Based-quartz Crystal Microbalance (Qcm) Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Imprinting Technology in Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Sensors

Di̇ltemi̇z

Keçili

Ersöz

et al. 2017

Sensors

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Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as artificial antibodies have received considerable scientific attention in the past years in the field of (bio)sensors since they have unique features that distinguish them from natural antibodies such as robustness, multiple binding sites, low cost, facile preparation and high stability under extreme operation conditions (higher pH and temperature values, etc.). On the other hand, the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) is an analytical tool based on the measurement of small mass changes on the sensor surface. QCM sensors are practical and convenient monitoring tools because of their specificity, sensitivity, high accuracy, stability and reproducibility. QCM devices are highly suitable for converting the recognition process achieved using MIP-based memories into a sensor signal. Therefore, the combination of a QCM and MIPs as synthetic receptors enhances the sensitivity through MIP process-based multiplexed binding sites using size, 3D-shape and chemical function having molecular memories of the prepared sensor system toward the target compound to be detected. This review aims to highlight and summarize the recent progress and studies in the field of (bio)sensor systems based on QCMs combined with molecular imprinting technology.

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“…Whereas imprinting small molecules has become somewhat common practice [ 8 ], imprinting with macromolecules still poses challenges [ 9 ]. In the case of proteins, those are related to their larger size and limited stability and solubility in organic solvents [ 10 ]. On the other hand many popular monomers are insoluble or only partially soluble in water [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Layer/Particle Approaches in Surface Molecular Imprinting of Proteins: Signal Enhancement and Competition

Phan

Sussitz

Ladenhauf

et al. 2018

Sensors

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Herein we report novel approaches to the molecular imprinting of proteins utilizing templates sizing around 10 nm and some 100 nm. The first step comprised synthesizing nanoparticles of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) towards bovine serum albumin (BSA) and characterizing them according to size and binding capacity. In a second step, they were utilized as templates. Quartz crystal microbalances (QCM) coated with MIP thin films based on BSA MIP nanoparticles lead to a two-fold increase in sensor responses, compared with the case of directly using the protein as the template. This also established that individual BSA molecules exhibit different “epitopes” for molecular imprinting on their outer surfaces. In light of this knowledge, a possible MIP-based biomimetic assay format was tested by exposing QCM coated with BSA MIP thin films to mixtures of BSA and imprinted and non-imprinted polymer (NIP) nanoparticles. At high protein concentrations (1000 ppm) measurements revealed aggregation behavior, i.e., BSA binding MIP NP onto the MIP surface. This increased sensor responses by more than 30% during proof of concept measurements. At lower a BSA concentration (500 ppm), thin films and particles revealed competitive behavior.

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Polymerization Parameters Influencing the QCM Response Characteristics of BSA MIP

Cited by 23 publications

References 18 publications

High-density lipoprotein sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer

High-density lipoprotein sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer

Molecular Imprinting Technology in Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) Sensors

Combined Layer/Particle Approaches in Surface Molecular Imprinting of Proteins: Signal Enhancement and Competition

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