Polymerization of Phenyl-1,3-butadienes in the Presence of Ziegler-Natta Catalysts

Pragliola, Stefania; Cipriano, Marco; Boccia, Antonella Caterina; Longo, Pasquale

doi:10.1002/1521-3927(20020401)23:5/6<356::aid-marc356>3.0.co;2-v

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, Poly(2-PB) can also be used to produce high-temperature thermoplastics with a Tg as high as 325 °C [114]. Since the successful synthesis of 2-PB by Marvel, [115] it received much attention [116,117]. Firstly, methylmagnesium iodide is prepared by adding methyl iodide and magnesium into diethyl ether.…”

Section: Synthesis Of 2-phenyl-13-butadienesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of 1,3-Butadiene and Its 2-Substituted Monomers for Synthetic Rubbers

Liu

et al. 2019

Catalysts

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Synthetic rubbers fabricated from 1,3-butadiene (BD) and its substituted monomers have been extensively used in tires, toughened plastics, and many other products owing to the easy polymerization/copolymerization of these monomers and the high stability of the resulting material in manufacturing operations and large-scale productions. The need for synthetic rubbers with increased environmental friendliness or endurance in harsh environments has motivated remarkable progress in the synthesis of BD and its substituted monomers in recent years. We review these developments with an emphasis on the reactive routes, the products, and the synthetic strategies with a scaling potential. We present reagents that are primarily from bio-derivatives, including ethanol, C4 alcohols, unsaturated alcohols, and tetrahydrofuran; the major products of BD and isoprene; and the by-products, activities, and selectivity of the reaction. Different catalyst systems are also compared. Further, substituted monomers with rigid, polar, or sterically repulsive groups, the purpose of which is to enhance thermal, mechanical, and interface properties, are also exhaustively reviewed. The synthetic strategies using BD and its substituted monomers have great potential to satisfy the increasing demand for better-performing synthetic rubbers at the laboratory scale; the laboratory-scale results are promising, but a big gap still exists between current progress and large scalability.

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Section: Synthesis Of 2-phenyl-13-butadienesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of 1,3-Butadiene and Its 2-Substituted Monomers for Synthetic Rubbers

Liu

et al. 2019

Catalysts

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“…This result was consistent with the polymerization of isoprene catalyzed by the half-metallocene rare-earth metal uorenyl Nheterocyclic carbene precursors. 22b In the literature, the binary system CpTiCl 3 /MAO was used to catalyze 2-PB polymerization, the obtained polymer displayed high cis-1,4 selectivity (>99%), 13 probably arising from the open environment around the central metal which benets the monomer 2-PB coordination to titanium in the cis-h 4 mode. Comparatively, the sterically demanding lanthanide complexes (Flu-Py)Lu(CH 2 SiMe 3 ) 2 (THF) showed a little higher 3,4-regularity (45.7%) under the same polymerization conditions.…”

Section: Polymerization Of 2-phenyl-13-butadienementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ligand (AmH-NHC-H)Br 23 and [Ph 3 C][B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ] 27 were prepared according to literature. 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker AV 400 and 500. The number-average molecular weights (M n ) and molecular weight distributions (M w /M n ) of the polymer samples were measured by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) on a TOSOHHLC-8220 GPC apparatus (Column: SuperHZM-Hx3) at 40 C using THF as the eluent (the owing rate is 0.35 mL min À1 ) against polystyrene standards.…”

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly 3,4-selective living polymerization of 2-phenyl-1,3-butadiene with amidino N-heterocyclic carbene ligated rare-earth metal bis(alkyl) complexes

2015

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“…Vessel, Bruzzone and Longo reported the usage of titanium-based Ziegler-Natta to homo-/co-polymerize PSBDs. [28][29][30] Cui et al recently employed N-heterocyclic carbene lutecium and scandium complexes to promote highly 3,4-selective polymerization of 2-phenyl or 1-phenyl substituted 1,3-butadienes. 31,32 Mecking et al utilized nickel and neodymium precatalysts to achieve the cis-1,4-selective copolymerization of 1,3-butadiene and PSBD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%