Polymerization of functionalized diallyl quaternary ammonium salt to poly(ampholyte–electrolyte)

Ali, M.M; Perzanowski, Herman P.; Ali, Syed Haroon

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(99)00764-8

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In fact, it seems that nearly the full spectrum of polymerizable groups suited for radical polymerization has been used to make polyzwitterions in the past, including not only styrenes, vinylpyridines, vinylimidazoles or vinylesters [124], but also rather uncommon polymerizable groups such as dienoic acids [123,124,[131][132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139], vinylcyclopropanes [124,134] or isocyanides [69], and cyclopolymerizing species such as diallylammonium [64,87,88,124,134,[140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153] and closely related divinyl monomers [93,94]. Moreover, a number of monomers confined exclusively to (often alternating) radical copolymerization, such as vinylethers [124,134], fumarates and maleates [124,134,[154][155][156], isobutylenes [157] and ...…”

Section: Synthesis By Chain Growth Polymerizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structures and Synthesis of Zwitterionic Polymers

2014

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Abstract:The structures and synthesis of polyzwitterions ("polybetaines") are reviewed, emphasizing the literature of the past decade. Particular attention is given to the general challenges faced, and to successful strategies to obtain polymers with a true balance of permanent cationic and anionic groups, thus resulting in an overall zero charge. Also, the progress due to applying new methodologies from general polymer synthesis, such as controlled polymerization methods or the use of "click" chemical reactions is presented. Furthermore, the emerging topic of responsive ("smart") polyzwitterions is addressed. The considerations and critical discussions are illustrated by typical examples.

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Section: Synthesis By Chain Growth Polymerizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has resulted in a continuous interest in zwitterionic diallylammonium carboxy-, phosphono-and sulfobetaines (cf. Figure 16, P-68 and P-69) [64,87,88,124,134,[140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153]431,433].…”

Section: P-70mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structures and Synthesis of Zwitterionic Polymers

2014

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“…We describe herein the cocyclocopolymerization of 4 with SO 2 that would lead to a polymer 7 having zwitterionic and anionic motifs in the same repeating unit. The cyclopolymerization protocol has so far documented two such (electrolyte‐zwitterion)/SO 2 copolymers in the literature; in both cases the anionic motifs in monomer 1 were either sulfonate ( x = y = 3)40 or carboxylate ( x = 5, y = 1) 41. The current work involves monomer 4 /SO 2 copolymerization that would lead to poly(electrolyte‐zwitterion) (PEZ 7 ) (Scheme ) 40,41.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cyclopolymerization protocol for the synthesis of a poly(zwitterion‐alt‐sulfur dioxide) to investigate the polyzwitterion‐to‐poly(anion‐zwitterion) transition

Ali

Haladu

2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The zwitterionic monomer, 3‐(N,N‐diallyl,N‐carboethoxymethylammonio)propanesulfonate, on cocyclopolymerization with sulfur dioxide in DMSO using azoisobutyronitrile as the initiator afforded the polyzwitterion (PZ) copolymer in excellent yields. The PZ on acidic hydrolysis of the ester groups led to the corresponding polyzwitterionic acid (PZA). The pH‐responsive PZA on treatment with sodium hydroxide gave the new poly(eletrolyte‐zwitterion) (PEZ). The solubility, viscosity behaviors, and solution properties of the salt‐tolerant PZ, PZA, and PEZ were studied in detail. Like common PZs, PZ was found to be insoluble in salt‐free but soluble in salt‐added water. The apparent basicity constants of the carboxyl group in PEZ have been determined. As the name implies, the PEZ possesses dual type of structural feature common to both conventional anionic polyelectrolytes and PZs, and its aqueous solution behavior is found to be similar to that observed for a typical alternating anionic‐zwitterionic copolymer. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

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“…This polyelectrolyte effect is due to conformational changes that occur when the added electrolytes shield the electrostatic repulsions of like charges along the polymer chain, causing the polymer coils to contract. However, unlike polyelectrolytes, polyampholytes often exhibit anti-polyelectrolyte effect and the globule-to-coil transition with increasing salt (NaCl) concentration results in increased polymer hydrodynamic volume and solution viscosity (Ali et al 2000). Several theories have been advanced to explain this behavior, but we do not discuss them in this article (Holm et al 1994, Dobrynin et al 2004, Dobrynin and Rubinstein 2005, Khokhlov and Khalatur 2005, Song et al 2010.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Pam-based Polyampholytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This pH responsiveness for polyampholytes is important especially for developing smart rheological fluids and anticarcinogenic drugs (Patrickios et al 1994, Fevola et al 2004a. These systems can behave as polyelectrolytes or polyampholytes depending on the pH of the environment (Ali et al 2000, Ezell and McCormick 2007, Lim et al 2007). …”

Section: Synthesis Of Pam-based Polyampholytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyacrylamide-based polyampholytes and their applications

Rabiee¹,

Ershad‐Langroudi²,

Jamshidi³

2014

Reviews in Chemical Engineering

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Polyampholytes are charged macromolecules bearing both anionic and cationic groups along the polymer backbone. Polyampholytes can be synthesized by classic and controlled free radical polymerization, anionic polymerization, and group transfer polymerization (GTP). The aqueous solution behavior of polyampholytes is dictated by columbic interactions between the basic and acidic residues. Polyampholytes show both polyelectrolyte and anti-polyelectrolyte behavior in aqueous media. Factors such as charge density, charge asymmetry (i.e., degree of charge balance), charge spacing and distribution, substrate surface charge, structural conformation, and solution ionic strength are critical parameters. Polyampholytes are interesting for numerous reasons and are used for many technology processes such as water treatment, enhanced oil recovery (EOR), sludge dewatering, papermaking, pigment retention, mineral processing, and flocculation. In the present study, the main structural features, behaviors, mechanisms of interaction, and recent field applications of polyacrylamide (PAM)-based polyampholytes are reviewed.

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Polymerization of functionalized diallyl quaternary ammonium salt to poly(ampholyte–electrolyte)

Cited by 35 publications

References 18 publications

Structures and Synthesis of Zwitterionic Polymers

Structures and Synthesis of Zwitterionic Polymers

Cyclopolymerization protocol for the synthesis of a poly(zwitterion‐alt‐sulfur dioxide) to investigate the polyzwitterion‐to‐poly(anion‐zwitterion) transition

Polyacrylamide-based polyampholytes and their applications

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