Polymerization in an electrodeless glow discharge. II. Olefinic monomers

Abstract

SynopsisThe rates of polymer deposition from various olefinic monomers in an electrodeless glow discharge were studied. The previously found empirical relationship (with styrene in part I) between the rate of polymer deposition R, the monomer pressure PN, and gas pressure p , in a steady-state flow system (i.e., R = a(pai)* [l + b(p,)], R being nearly independent of the discharge power) was also found with all monomers investigated. (The effect of gas was examined with nitrogen in this study.) However, it was found that the polymer deposition is controlled by the monomer flow rate and RO (in pure monomer flow) is proportional to the flow rate of monomer F , (based on the weight);i.e., RO = kF,, where k is a characteristic rate constant of the polymerization. Olefinic monomers can be generally classified into two major groups, i.e., type A monomers which predominantly polymerize, and type B monomers which decompose in a glow discharge. Type B monomers have smaller values of a and k compared to type A monomers. The values of a and k for type A monomers both increase with increasing molecular weight of the monomer. The values of k for all monomers investigated are within roughly an order of magnitude, indicating that the reactivity levels of monomers are very similar in a glow discharge polymerization.

Formation of Plasma Polymer Layers with Functional Groups of Different Type and Density at Polymer Surfaces and their Interaction with Al Atoms

“…It has been pointed out that this process is a “pulsed plasma‐initiated chemical (radical) gas phase copolymerization”, which strongly contrasts with the simple, so‐called “plasma copolymerization”. This “old” process of plasma copolymerization also enforces the reaction of improper chemically inert monomers as demonstrated by Schüler et al and Yasuda 37–39. The most significant disadvantages of the “old” continuous‐wave (cw) plasma copolymerization process are: Nearly complete monomer molecule fragmentation into atoms and small fragments because of the excess of energy consumed per monomer during residence in the plasma zone (Figure 3, cf.…”

Lindholm Blood Coagulation Test Values of Some Glow-Discharge Polymer Surfaces

“…In case of the plasma polymerization, ethylbenzene polymerizes and its polymer deposition rate is similar to that of styrene (2).…”

Non-thermal plasma assisted lithography for biomedical applications: an overview

“…Neiswender and Blaustein [59] were the first to introduce an energy related dose factor that allowed for a better comparing between different plasma conditions. Yasuda adopted and improved this model to what is known today as the Yasuda factor [60,61]. The Yasuda factor itself is a combination of the reactor geometry ( ) and the normalised binding energy of the monomer ( ) [62].…”