Extended AbstractTargeted drug delivery systems deliver therapeutic agents to specific locations in the body where they can act on the diseased tissue. An effective carrier will bind the drug and remain stable while circulating in the bloodstream until it reaches the diseased site where it will release the drug. Carriers with a diameter on the order of 10 to 200 nanometers accumulate in cancerous tumors due to the enhanced permeability and retention (epr) effect. The rapid growth of tumor cells causes leakiness in the adjacent vasculature allowing small particles to pass through. Since lymphatic drainage in the tumor cells is limited, drug-loaded carriers will passively build up in the cancerous tissue. A general problem with epr is tailoring the size of the carriers to the size of the crevices in the vasculature. Undecylenic acid vesicles with diameters in the 20 nm to 100 nm range has been reported.[1] However, these vesicles have not yet been characterized as drug delivery systems. The aim of the current research is to characterize undecylenic acid vesicles as potential carriers for targeted drug delivery systems. Previous studies of micellar drug delivery model systems based on undecylenic acid have shown that while they are less than 5 nm in diameter [2], they are capable of binding [3] and protecting [4] hydrophobic substrate in aqueous solution at physiological pH (7.4) and releasing the substrate at tumor pH (< 7) [5]. If these features can be maintained in the vesicles while increasing the diameter to more than 20 nm, all of the components for a therapeutic drug delivery system will be in place. Further, the aqueous interior of the vesicles opens up the possible of multifunctional carriers providing simultaneous delivery of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs to the targeted sites.Here we report on the solubilization of two hydrophobic substrates by unpolymerized and polymerized sodium 10-undecenoate (NaU) vesicles and compare the results to the micellar systems [6]. Solubilization power (SP) was determined for Oil Blue N by visible light absorbance at 600nm. The results, in mmol (substrate)/mol (NaU), are 1.48 ± 0.21(unpolymerized) and 0.68 ± 0.37 (polymerized). Both values are approximately four times the corresponding values for the micellar systems, 0.37 ± 0.04 and 0.14 ± 0.01. The relative polarity [7] of the environment at the substrate binding site was determined for the solvatotropic probe, Nile Red, by fluorescence spectroscopy. Polymerization of the micelle produced a large change in relative polarity, from 0.58 ± 0.02 to 0.80 ± 0.02. Polymerization of the vesicle produced a much smaller effect, from 0.69 ± 0.02 to 0.75 ± 0.02.The overall results encourage further study of the sodium 10-undecenoate vesicle system for the rational design of therapeutic drug delivery systems. The transition from micelles to vesicles increases the solubilization power fourfold which would produce more efficient delivery. Further, the lack of sensitivity of the polarity of the binding site to polymerization giv...