Polymeric jets throw light on the origin and nature of the forest of solar spicules

Dey, Sahel; Chatterjee, Piyali; N., Murthy O. V. S.; Korsós, Marianna B.; Liu, Jiajia; Nelson, C. J.; Erdélyi, R.

doi:10.1038/s41567-022-01522-1

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Finally, we may also consider that the material inside the jets (considered as flux tubes) could be pushed up by increasing pressure due to MHD waves and convection. The absence of opposite polarities is in favor of this mechanism (Hollweg et al 1982;Dey et al 2022). A shock would be created in the corona, effectively stopping the ejected material, as proposed by Iijima & Yokoyama (2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Later on, it was shown that numerical simulations concerning the Sun compared to laboratory fluid dynamics experiments could explain the formation mechanism of the jets. Under the effects of gravity, the non-linear focusing of quasi-periodic waves in an anisotropic media of both magnetized plasma and polymer fluid is sufficient to generate a large number of jets similar to chromospheric spicules (Dey et al 2022). This MHD wave domain should be investigated further in future to explore the initiation of jets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fan-shaped jet close to a light bridge

Liu

Ruan

Schmieder

et al. 2022

A&A

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Aims. On the Sun, jets in light bridges (LBs) are frequently observed with high-resolution instruments. The respective roles played by convection and the magnetic field in triggering such jets are not yet clear. Methods. We report a small fan-shaped jet along a LB observed by the 1.6m Goode Solar Telescope (GST) with the TiO Broadband Filter Imager (BFI), the Visible Imaging Spectrometer (VIS) in Hα, and the Near-InfraRed Imaging Spectropolarimeter (NIRIS), along with the Stokes parameters. The high spatial and temporal resolution of those instruments allowed us to analyze the features identified during the jet event. By constructing the Hα Dopplergrams, we found that the plasma is first moving upward, whereas during the second phase of the jet, the plasma is flowing back. Working with time slice diagrams, we investigated the propagation-projected speed of the fan and its bright base. Results. The fan-shaped jet developed within a few minutes, with diverging beams. At its base, a bright point was slipping along the LB and ultimately invaded the umbra of the sunspot. The Hα profiles of the bright points enhanced the intensity in the wings, similarly to the case of Ellerman bombs. Co-temporally, the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) brightenings developed at the front of the dark material jet and moved at the same speed as the fan, leading us to propose that the fan-shaped jet material compressed and heated the ambient plasma at its extremities in the corona. Conclusions. Our multi-wavelength analysis indicates that the fan-shaped jet could result from magnetic reconnection across the highly diverging field low in the chromosphere, leading to an apparent slipping motion of the jet material along the LB. However, we did not find any opposite magnetic polarity at the jet base, as would typically be expected in such a configuration. We therefore discuss other plausible physical mechanisms, based on waves and convection, that may have triggered the event.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fan-shaped jet close to a light bridge

Liu

Ruan

Schmieder

et al. 2022

A&A

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“…Dey et al discussed the similarities between spicules observed on the Sun and jets produced by polymeric fluids. They found that the nonlinear focusing of quasi-periodic waves in an-isotropic media can generate a forest of jets [22]. The strong pulse model depicts a scenario where a sudden pressure enhancement produces a strong pulse in the photosphere or lower atmosphere at the base of a vertical magnetic flux tube that drives local material into the corona and forms the spicules [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an interdisciplinary subject, laboratory astrophysics provides one possible way for us to study solar chromospheric spicules. Current observations are often limited by resolution, atmospheric perturbations, and other factors, while in the laboratory, using the interaction of high energy density lasers with target materials, we can simulate astrophysical phenomena at close range, short timescales (nanosecond), small scales (millimeter) and controlled conditions [22,27,28], and eventually connect laboratory simulations with astrophysical phenomena through scaling laws and dimensionless parameters [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling solar chromospheric spicules with intense lasers

Wang,

Zhong,

et al. 2023

Front. Phys.

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Solar spicules are small-scale jet-like structures in the lower solar atmosphere. Currently, the formation of these widely distributed structures lacks a complete explanation. It is still unclear whether they play an essential role in corona heating. Here, based on the magnetohydrodynamic scaling transformation relation, we perform experiments with the interaction of a high power laser with a one-dimensional sinusoidal modulated target to model solar spicules. We observe several spicule-like structures with alternating polarity magnetic fields around them. Magnetohydrodynamic simulations with similar parameters show the detail information during the spicules’ formation. The results suggest that the so-called strong pulse model can lead to the formation of the solar spicules. The magnetic reconnection process may also play a part and lead to additional heating and brightening phenomena.

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“…This simulation also suggests that ambipolar diffusion in the partially ionized chromosphere may play a crucial role in the origin of type II spicules. On the other hand, a recent work (Dey et al 2022) based on radiative MHD simulation and laboratory experiment suggests that quasiperiodic photospheric driving in the presence of vertical magnetic fields can readily generate spicules in the solar atmosphere. Their work, devoid of any chromospheric physics, can still account for the abundance of wide varieties of spicules, as seen in the observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Spicules to Solar Coronal Emission

Mondal

Klimchuk

Sarkar

2022

ApJ

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Recent high-resolution imaging and spectroscopic observations have generated renewed interest in spicules’ role in explaining the hot corona. Some studies suggest that some spicules, often classified as type II, may provide significant mass and energy to the corona. Here we use numerical simulations to investigate whether such spicules can produce the observed coronal emission without any additional coronal heating agent. Model spicules consisting of a cold body and hot tip are injected into the base of a warm (0.5 MK) equilibrium loop with different tip temperatures and injection velocities. Both piston- and pressure-driven shocks are produced. We find that the hot tip cools rapidly and disappears from coronal emission lines such as Fe xii 195 and Fe xiv 274. Prolonged hot emission is produced by preexisting loop material heated by the shock and by thermal conduction from the shock. However, the shapes and Doppler shifts of synthetic line profiles show significant discrepancies with observations. Furthermore, spatially and temporally averaged intensities are extremely low, suggesting that if the observed intensities from the quiet Sun and active regions were solely due to type II spicules, one to several orders of magnitude more spicules would be required than have been reported in the literature. This conclusion applies strictly to the ejected spicular material. We make no claims about emissions connected with waves or coronal currents that may be generated during the ejection process and heat the surrounding area.

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Polymeric jets throw light on the origin and nature of the forest of solar spicules

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Fan-shaped jet close to a light bridge

Fan-shaped jet close to a light bridge

Modeling solar chromospheric spicules with intense lasers

Contribution of Spicules to Solar Coronal Emission

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