Polymeric Gel Scaffolds and Biomimetic Environments for Wound Healing

Abstract

Infected wounds that do not heal are a worldwide problem that is worsening, with more people dying and more money being spent on care. For any disease to be managed effectively, its root cause must be addressed. Effective wound care becomes a bigger problem when various traditional wound healing methods and products may not only fail to promote good healing. Still, it may also hinder the healing process, causing wounds to stay open longer. Progress in tissue regeneration has led to developing three-dimensional scaffolds (3D) or constructs that can be leveraged to facilitate cell growth and regeneration while preventing infection and accelerating wound healing. Tissue regeneration uses natural and fabricated biomaterials that encourage the growth of tissues or organs. Even though the clinical need is urgent, the demand for polymer-based therapeutic techniques for skin tissue abnormalities has grown quickly. Hydrogel scaffolds have become one of the most imperative 3D cross-linked scaffolds for tissue regeneration because they can hold water perfectly and are porous, biocompatible, biodegradable, and biomimetic. For damaged organs or tissues to heal well, the porosity topography of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) should be imitated. This review details the scaffolds that heal wounds and helps skin tissue to develop. After a brief overview of the bioactive and drug-loaded polymeric hydrogels, the discussion moves on to how the scaffolds are made and what they are made of. It highlights the present uses of in vitro and in-vivo employed biomimetic scaffolds. The prospects of how well bioactive-loaded hydrogels heal wounds and how nanotechnology assists in healing and regeneration have been discussed.

Electrospun Antimicrobial Drug Delivery Systems and Hydrogels Used for Wound Dressings

“…Tulle dressings, such as Bactigras, Jelonet, and Paratulle, are commercially available impregnated dressings containing paraffin and are appropriate for superficial clean wounds. To summarize, conventional wound dressings are dedicated to dry and clean wounds [ 50 ].…”

Quality-by-Design Optimization of Electrospinning Parameters to Formulate Scaffolds for Topical Inflammatory Disease Management <i>via</i> Drug Repurposing

“…The utilization of materials derived from biological macromolecules has garnered increased attention in this context due to their notable biocompatibility, biodegradability, and renewability. [2,3] Electrospinning is gaining attention for producing nanofibers (NF) with potential therapeutic benefits and lower toxicity than traditional forms. Using electrostatic force, this technology forms high-viscosity polymer solutions into fibers.…”

Development and Evaluation of Phycocyanin-Infused Hydrogel Topical Formulations for Wound Healing

“…The healing of wounds involves a coordinated series of cellular and biochemical reactions aimed at restoring both the structure and function of the injured tissue. [1,2] Several treatment choices, such as antibiotics, painkillers, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are accessible for wound care, but most of these treatments come with undesirable side effects. Consequently, researchers have shifted their focus to natural compounds due to their fewer side effects.…”