Polymeric drugs for efficient tumor-targeted drug delivery based on EPR-effect

Maeda, Hiroshi; Bharate, Gahininath Y.; Daruwalla, Jurstine

doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.11.010

Cited by 1,063 publications

(691 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Nanocarriers entered into the tumor are not removed efficiently and are thus preserved in the tumor. This passive phenomenon has been called the "Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect," discovered by Matsumura and Maeda (Matsumura and Maeda, 1986;Maeda et al, 2001;Maeda et al, 2009;Danhier et al, 2010). Rapid vascularization in fastgrowing cancerous tissues is known to result in leaky, defective architecture and impaired lymphatic drainage.…”

Section: Passive Targetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLGA-Based Nanoparticles as Cancer Drug Delivery Systems

Mirakabad

Nejati-Koshki²,

Akbarzadeh³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

392

154

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Section: Passive Targetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

PLGA-Based Nanoparticles as Cancer Drug Delivery Systems

Mirakabad

Nejati-Koshki²,

Akbarzadeh³

et al. 2014

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

392

154

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“…It is necessary for them to stay in blood system for extended time to provide a sufficient level of accumulation in the target area [93]. Thus, long-circulating pharmaceutical nanocarriers such as liposomes, micelles or polymeric nanoparticles are capable to accumulate in pathological area through the EPR effect and are widely use for drug delivery into tumor [93,94,95]. Nevertheless, this has to be carefully monitored as in the case of PDT this can also result in longer photosensitivity.…”

Section: Nano Pdt Passive Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanodrug applications in photodynamic therapy

Paszko

Ehrhardt

Senge

et al. 2011

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy

326

215

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SummaryPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has developed over last century and is now becoming a more widely used medical tool having gained regulatory approval for the treatment of various diseases such as cancer and macular degeneration. It is a two-step technique in which delivery of a photosensitizing drug is followed by irradiation of light. Activated photosensitizers transfer energy to molecular oxygen which results in generation of reactive oxygen species which in turn cause cells apoptosis or necrosis. Although this modality has significantly improved quality of life and survival time for many cancer patients it still offers significant potential for further improvement. In addition to the development of new PDT drugs, the use of nanosized carriers for photosensitizers is a promising approach which might improve the efficiency of photodynamic activity and which can overcome many side effects associated with classic photodynamic therapy. This review aims at highlighting the different types of nanomedical approaches currently used in PDT and outlines future trends and limitations of nanodelivery of photosensitizers. PDT -photodynamic therapy; PGA -poly(glycolic acid); PGLA -poly(D,L-lactide-coglycolide); PLA -poly(lactic acid); PS -photosensitizer; PEG -polyethylene glycol; ALA  aminolevulinic acid; m-THPC  5,10,15,20-tetra-(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorine; m-THPP  meso-tetra(p-hydroxyphenyl); PpIX  protoporphyrin; Hp  hematoporphyrin; Pc4  silicon phthalocyanine; Ig  immunoglobulin; Tf  transferrin; TfR  transferrin receptor; VEGF  vascular endothelial growth factor; EPR  enhanced permeability and retention effect; FRET  fluorescence resonance energy transfer; MRI  magnetic resonance imaging; RES  reticuloendothelial system; ROS  reactive oxygen species; NP  nanoparticle; ND -nanodiamonds; SNP  silica nanoparticle; AMD  age-related macular degeneration; CNV  choroidal neovascularization; PTT  photothermal therapy;

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“…In general, brain tumors cause the loss of tight junctions in the tumor vascular system and an enhanced retention effect of solid tumors [87,103,134]. The reason for this loss, resulting in an increase in permeability, is unknown [87,135], although abnormalities were found in gap functions, fenestrations of membranes, and open normal junctions [135].…”

Section: The Blood-brain Barrier In Cns Metastasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These brain tumors also produce an overexpression of receptors of folate, insulin and transferrin in the BBB [87,103,134]. These changes in the BBB allow the angiogenic vessels to become permeable to nano-sized particles [86,103,126,127,134].…”

Section: The Blood-brain Barrier In Cns Metastasesmentioning

confidence: 99%