Polymerase Chain Reaction Positivity of Pneumocystis jirovecii During Primary Lung Cancer Treatment

Mori, Hidenori; Ohno, Yasushi; Ito, Fumitaka; Endo, Junki; Yanase, Komei; Funaguchi, Norihiko; La, Bu Lin Bai; Minatoguchi, Shinya

doi:10.1093/jjco/hyq040

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Infections by P. jirovecii and NTM are frequently identified in patients with AIDS [35]. P. jirovecii is also frequent in other types of immunocompromise, such as solid or hematological cancer in patients who underwent chemotherapy [18,19,36]. Fungal infections (eg, Candida spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Etiology of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients

Pasquale

Sotgiu

Gramegna

et al. 2018

Clinical Infectious Diseases

125

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Background. The correct management of immunocompromised patients with pneumonia is debated. We evaluated the prevalence, risk factors, and characteristics of immunocompromised patients coming from the community with pneumonia.Methods. We conducted a secondary analysis of an international, multicenter study enrolling adult patients coming from the community with pneumonia and hospitalized in 222 hospitals in 54 countries worldwide. Risk factors for immunocompromise included AIDS, aplastic anemia, asplenia, hematological cancer, chemotherapy, neutropenia, biological drug use, lung transplantation, chronic steroid use, and solid tumor.Results. At least 1 risk factor for immunocompromise was recorded in 18% of the 3702 patients enrolled. The prevalences of risk factors significantly differed across continents and countries, with chronic steroid use (45%), hematological cancer (25%), and chemotherapy (22%) the most common. Among immunocompromised patients, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) pathogens were the most frequently identified, and prevalences did not differ from those in immunocompetent patients. Risk factors for immunocompromise were independently associated with neither Pseudomonas aeruginosa nor non-community-acquired bacteria. Specific risk factors were independently associated with fungal infections (odds ratio for AIDS and hematological cancer, 15.10 and 4.65, respectively; both P = .001), mycobacterial infections (AIDS; P = .006), and viral infections other than influenza (hematological cancer, 5.49; P < .001).Conclusions. Our findings could be considered by clinicians in prescribing empiric antibiotic therapy for CAP in immunocompromised patients. Patients with AIDS and hematological cancer admitted with CAP may have higher prevalences of fungi, mycobacteria, and noninfluenza viruses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Etiology of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients

Pasquale

Sotgiu

Gramegna

et al. 2018

Clinical Infectious Diseases

125

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“…Standard-dose chemotherapy and intermittent chemotherapy-related corticosteroids as premedication for lung cancer are considered to be risk factors for PCP (12). Particular attention should be paid if the corticosteroid administration is equivalent to 20 mg of prednisolone per day and continues for more than 4 weeks (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCP has been reported to occur in patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy for solid malignancies, but it is relatively rare for those undergoing standard-dose chemotherapy ( 11 ). Standard-dose chemotherapy and intermittent chemotherapy-related corticosteroids as premedication for lung cancer are considered to be risk factors for PCP ( 12 ). Particular attention should be paid if the corticosteroid administration is equivalent to 20 mg of prednisolone per day and continues for more than 4 weeks ( 13 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-induced Pneumonitis Following the Administration of TAS-102

et al. 2016

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A 59-year-old woman, diagnosed with advanced rectal cancer, presented with a low-grade fever and dyspnea on exertion after the 2nd cycle of TAS-102. TAS-102 has promising efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. A CT scan revealed mosaic patterns with bilateral ground-glass opacities. The drug lymphocyte stimulation test for TAS-102 was strongly positive and serum β-D glucan level was elevated. The clinical course was compatible with TAS-102-induced pneumonitis combined with pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). We herein report a rare case of drug-induced pneumonitis in a patient receiving TAS-102 in combination with PCP.

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“…İlk olarak, 1990 yıllında Wakefield et al (28) PCP tanısı için PCR tekniği geliştirilmiş olup, günümüzde gerçek zamanlı PCR en duyarlı yöntem olarak kabul edilmektedir (29) . (3,6,7,(30)(31)(32) . Bu farkın birçok nedeni olabilir.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii and Other Agents in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Samples of HIV- Negative Immuncompromised Patients

Tüzemen¹,

Demirdöğen²,

Cilo³

et al. 2021

TMCD

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Pneumocystis jirovecii, özellikle bağışıklık sistemi baskılanmış bireylerde önemli pnömoni etkenleri arasındadır. Çalışmamızda, pnömoni etiyolojisi açısından gönderilen bronkoalveolar lavaj örneklerinin Pneumocystis pnömonisi (PCP) açısından değerlendirilmesi ve altta yatan diğer etkenlerin tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Gönderilen bronkoalveolar lavaj örneklerine, May Grünwald/Giemsa, modifiye toluidin mavisi, immünfloresan antikor boyama ve gerçek zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu yöntemi uygulanarak bu yöntemlerin Pneumocystis pnömonisi tanısındaki yeri araştırıldı. Bakteri, mantar etkenleriyle Mycobacterium tuberculosis ve Cytomegalovirus'ün belirlenmesi için de uygun yöntemler kullanıldı. Bulgular: Yaşları 18-90 (ortalama 53.02 yaş) arasında değişen 32'si kadın, 68'i erkek olmak üzere 100 hasta çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Hastaların 17'sine herhangi bir altta yatan hastalık saptanamamış olup, bu hastalara yalnızca pnömoni ön tanısı ile bronkoskopi yapıldı. Yalnızca bir hastada gerçek zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu yöntemi ile Pneumocystis pnömonisi pozitifliği saptandı. Tüm hastalar değerlendirildiğinde %33'ünde bir enfeksiyon etkeni saptandığı görüldü. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada, boyama yöntemleri ve gerçek zamanlı PCR ile PCP oranı düşük bulunmuştur. Daha fazla hastalarla yapılacak çalışmalarda daha yüksek oranlar elde edilebilir. Bununla beraber, bronkoalveolar lavaj örnekleri genel durumu bozuk hastalarda etiyolojiye ulaşma açısından önemidir.

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Polymerase Chain Reaction Positivity of Pneumocystis jirovecii During Primary Lung Cancer Treatment

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Prevalence and Etiology of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients

Prevalence and Etiology of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients

Drug-induced Pneumonitis Following the Administration of TAS-102

Detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii and Other Agents in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Samples of HIV- Negative Immuncompromised Patients

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