Polymerase chain reaction as a diagnosis tool for detecting trypanosomes in naturally infected cattle in Burkina Faso

Solano, Philippe; Michel, Jean-François; Lefrançois, Thierry; Rocque, Stéphane De La; Sidibé, Issa; Zoungrana, Adrien; Cuisance, Dominique

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(99)00137-5

Cited by 56 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Sex and age do not seem to be risk factors for this disease. PCR is a very sensitive tool for estimation of prevalence of trypanosomiasis (Solano et al, 1999). The major problem is to know whether dogs found positive with this technique will become ill and when they will show the first signs of the disease.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCR products were separated on 2 % agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide (0.3 µg/ µl). Polymerase chain reaction on tsetse samples was performed with a simple 1 % Chelex 100 ® 5 % treatment used to obtain DNA for PCR reactions, as in Solano et al, 1999. The following primers were used: TBR1-2 specific for T. brucei, TCF 1-2 specific for T. congolense forest type, TCS 1-2 specific for T. congolense Savannah and TV1-2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological study of canine Trypanosomosis in an urban area of Ivory coast

et al. 2009

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Summary :Following confirmed cases of trypanosomosis in military working dogs, a cross-sectional study was undertaken to evaluate the source of infection and determine the prevalence of canine infection with Trypanosoma congolense in the urban focus of Abidjan, Ivory Coast. Blood from 123 dogs were collected and subjected to PCR using specific primers for Trypanosoma congolense "forest type". In addition, an entomological study was conducted in an urban area near the forest surronding the military camp. The observed prevalence was 30.1 % and PCR positivity to Trypanosoma congolense was not significantly associated with sex or age of animals. This study demonstrates the high contamination rate of dogs in enzootic zones, the potential risk of introduction of the disease in free animal populations and the ability of Glossina palpalis to adapt to urban areas and to transmit trypanosomosis in such areas. The factors leading to a possible emergence of canine trypanosomiasis in enzootic zones need further investigations. Résumé

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological study of canine Trypanosomosis in an urban area of Ivory coast

et al. 2009

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“…Parasitological prevalence of AAT in Mbarara district was previously reported at 5.6% (Waiswa & Katunguka-Rwakishaya 2004). As the detection rate of trypanosome infections using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is about twice that of parasitological techniques (Clausen et al 1998;Picozzi et al 2002;Solano et al 1999), anticipated prevalence of bovine trypanosomiasis of 11.2%, the precision of the sample estimate (one half-length of the 95% confidence interval) of 5 percentage points, total number of cattle in the district ( The minimum number of cattle in the sample (n) was determined to be 153. Three to seven heads of cattle (number selected proportional to herd size) were randomly selected from each farm across the five randomly selected parishes, giving a total of 55 participating farms and 295 heads of cattle.…”

Section: Study Design Sampling and Sample Size Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine trypanosome species prevalence and farmers’ trypanosomiasis control methods in south-western Uganda

Alingu¹,

Muhanguzi²,

MacLeod³

et al. 2014

J S Afr Vet Assoc

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A cross-sectional study was conducted in Mbarara district, south-western Uganda in May 2012 to determine the burden of African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) in the semi-intensive dairy production systems where pyrethroid acaricides are frequently used in the control of tick-borne diseases (TBDs). A total of 295 cattle blood samples were taken and analysed using a single pair of primers previously designed to amplify internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) of trypanosome ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA). A structured questionnaire was administered to 55 participating livestock farmers to generate data on acaricide and trypanocidal drug usage. The overall prevalence of trypanosome species was 2.4% (95% CI; 1.0% – 4.8%); Trypanosoma vivax was the most predominant species (2.0%; 95% CI; 0.7% – 4.4%). A single mixed infection of T. vivax and Trypanosoma brucei s.l. was detected. All the participating farmers used acaricides for tsetse and TBD control; 89.1% of the acaricides used were pyrethroids. About half of the farmers used trypanocidal drugs, mainly diminazene formulations (Berenil®). Low prevalence of trypanosomes in examined samples is most likely related to the frequent use of pyrethroid insecticides, trypanocides and restricted grazing (paddocking and tethering). These rigorous management practices are geared towards optimising production of exotic dairy breeds kept in this region that are highly susceptible to TBDs and AAT.

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“…The 'morsitans group' is the major vector for trypanosomes of the subgenera Trypanozoon and Nannomonas, which respectively include Trypanosoma brucei brucei (Tbb) and Trypanosoma congolense (Tc; the savanah type being the most prevalent in cattle); these are the main nagana-causing parasites in sub-Saharan Africa (Nyeko et al, 1990;Reifenberg et al, 1997;Solano et al, 1999). This disease is responsible for dramatic losses in livestock production, estimated at US$ 4.5 billion/year (Reinhardt, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult blood-feeding tsetse flies, trypanosomes, microbiota and the fluctuating environment in sub-Saharan Africa

2014

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The tsetse fly vector transmits the protozoan Trypanosoma brucei, responsible for Human African Trypanosomiasis, one of the most neglected tropical diseases. Despite a recent decline in new cases, it is still crucial to develop alternative strategies to combat this disease. Here, we review the literature on the factors that influence trypanosome transmission from the fly vector to its vertebrate host (particularly humans). These factors include climate change effects to pathogen and vector development (in particular climate warming), as well as the distribution of host reservoirs. Finally, we present reports on the relationships between insect vector nutrition, immune function, microbiota and infection, to demonstrate how continuing research on the evolving ecology of these complex systems will help improve control strategies. In the future, such studies will be of increasing importance to understand how vector-borne diseases are spread in a changing world.

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Polymerase chain reaction as a diagnosis tool for detecting trypanosomes in naturally infected cattle in Burkina Faso

Cited by 56 publications

References 20 publications

Epidemiological study of canine Trypanosomosis in an urban area of Ivory coast

Epidemiological study of canine Trypanosomosis in an urban area of Ivory coast

Bovine trypanosome species prevalence and farmers’ trypanosomiasis control methods in south-western Uganda

Adult blood-feeding tsetse flies, trypanosomes, microbiota and the fluctuating environment in sub-Saharan Africa

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