Polymer Zwitterion-Based Artificial Interphase Layers for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes

Abstract

Lithium (Li) metal batteries are promising future rechargeable batteries with high-energy density as the Li metal anode (LMA) possesses a high specific capacity and the lowest potential. However, the commercial application of the LMA has been hindered by a low Coulombic efficiency and dendrite growth, which are related to the unstable interphase with poor Li+ ion transport. Herein, we report novel polymer zwitterion-based artificial interphase layers (AILs) with improved Li+ ion transport and high stability for long-life LMAs. Benefitting from the unique zwitterion effect within the polymer zwitterion-based AILs, a high Li+ ion transference number (0.81) and a good ionic conductivity (0.75 × 10–4 S cm–1) can be realized simultaneously at the interface. By regulating the weight ratio of the sulfonate group and the phosphate group in polymer zwitterion-based AILs, the modified LMA enables long-term Li plating/stripping for 1400 h at 1 mA cm–2 and stable cycling in a full cell. This interfacial engineering concept could shed light on the development of safe LMAs.

A high polarity poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) random copolymer with an all-trans conformation for solid-state LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2/lithium metal batteries

“…Meanwhile, EIS measurement before and after the polarization was performed from 7 MHz to 1 Hz with a 10 mV AC oscillation. t Li + was calculated based on the following equation, 36,37,43–46 where I s and I 0 are the steady-state current and initial current, respectively, and R 0 and R s are the interfacial resistance before and after polarization.…”

“…Meanwhile, EIS measurement before and aer the polarization was performed from 7 MHz to 1 Hz with a 10 mV AC oscillation. t Li + was calculated based on the following equation, 36,37,[43][44][45][46]…”

MXene/ZnO flexible freestanding film as a dendrite-free support in lithium metal batteries

“…[23][24][25][26] Some important developments have been made in recent years. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] The substrate plays an important role in the deposition and stripping of lithium, and the uniform lithium nucleation will facilitate more even deposition of metallic lithium to suppress the growth of lithium dendrites. Conventional Cu foil current collectors do not meet the requirement of lithium metal batteries because lithium dendrites may easily form on their surface.…”

Achieving Electronic Engineering of Vanadium Oxide-Based 3D Lithiophilic Sandwiched-Aerogel Framework for Ultrastable Lithium Metal Batteries

“…Lithium metal has received growing attention for next-generation energy devices due to its lightweight of 0.534 g cm −3 , high theoretical capacity of 3860 mAh g −1 , and low redox potential (−3.04 V vs the standard hydrogen electrode). − However, the practical application of lithium metal anode is greatly impeded by the tendency of lithium dendrites formation. − The durative growth of the dendrites could induce severe side reactions, leading to excessive electrolyte consumption and unstable SEI film and thus short cycle life. − Additionally, dead lithium will be formed when the dendrites continue to grow, and then separate from the electrode, which could bring serious safety hazards. − Hence, many strategies have been employed to prohibit the formation of dendrites, such as the employment of electrolyte additives, − the design of high modulus solid/composite electrolytes, − and the use of stable artificial interface. ,− Although these strategies have made great progress in the past decades, it is still challenging to construct a host that can effectively inhibit the dendrite growth. In generally, a desired Li host for composite anode construction is expected to meet the two requirements: (1) sufficient room to accommodate Li metal, , and (2) interconnected and excellent conductive network for electron-transporting .…”